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ArticlesNo Access

Keeping time: Could quantum beating in microtubules be the basis for the neural synchrony related to consciousness?

Travis J. A. Craddock

Center for Psychological Studies, Graduate School of Computer and Information Sciences, College of Osteophatic Medicine and the Institute for Neuro-Immune Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 33314-7796, USA

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The Israel Institute for Advanced Studies (IIAS), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Campus, Jerusalem, Israel 91904, Israel

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada

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Jack A. Tuszynski

Department of Experimental Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada

Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada

Corresponding author.

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219635214400019Cited by:22 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

This paper discusses the possibility of quantum coherent oscillations playing a role in neuronal signaling. Consciousness correlates strongly with coherent neural oscillations, however the mechanisms by which neurons synchronize are not fully elucidated. Recent experimental evidence of quantum beats in light-harvesting complexes of plants (LHCII) and bacteria provided a stimulus for seeking similar effects in important structures found in animal cells, especially in neurons. We argue that microtubules (MTs), which play critical roles in all eukaryotic cells, possess structural and functional characteristics that are consistent with quantum coherent excitations in the aromatic groups of their tryptophan residues. Furthermore we outline the consequences of these findings on neuronal processes including the emergence of consciousness.

Keywords:

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Vol. 13, No. 02

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Received 10 April 2014

Accepted 10 April 2014

Published: 9 July 2014

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