This book summarises approaches and current practices in actinide immobilisation using chemically-durable crystalline materials such as ceramics and monocrystals.
As a result of the increasing worldwide growth of the nuclear industry, long-lived α-emitting actinides such as Pu, Np, Am and Cm are fast becoming a serious environmental concern — actinide-bearing wastes have accumulated in different countries due to nuclear weapons production. On the other hand, as actinides are chemical elements with unique properties they could be beneficially used for humankind in areas such as medicine and technology. Durable actinide-containing materials are attractive for various applications. These include in chemically-inert sources of α-irradiation used for a variety of functions such as energy sources for unmanned space vehicles and microelectronic devices, as well as hosts for nuclear waste and in nuclear fuels to burn excess Pu.
Unfortunately, there is currently no appropriate balance between safe actinide disposal and use, even though both processes require their immobilisation in a durable host material. Thus, the choice of an optimal actinide immobilisation route is often a great challenge for specialists.
Although a wealth of information exists about actinide properties in many publications, little has been published summarising currently accepted approaches and practices for actinide immobilisation. Crystalline Materials for Actinide Immobilisation fills this gap using information based on the authors' first-hand experience and studies in nuclear materials management and actinide immobilisation.
Sample Chapter(s)
Chapter 1: Introduction to the Actinides (6,852 KB)
Contents:
- Introduction to the Actinides
- Current and Potential Actinide Applications
- Waste Actinide Immobilisation
- Synthesis Methods
- Examination of Highly Radioactive Samples
- Radiation Damage
- What is the Future?
Readership: Undergraduates, post-graduates, researchers and specialists studying physics, chemistry, geology and environmental engineering with an interest in the welfare of planet.
Dr Boris E Burakov has a position of Chief Scientist at the V F Khlopin Radium Institute, St Petersburg Russia. His main area of research is related to development of crystalline matrices for immobilization of highly radioactive wastes and weapon-grade plutonium. In 1990�1992 he leaded material study investigation of Chernobyl �lava� and hot particles.
Dr Michael I Ojovan is an Assistant Professor in Materials Science and Waste Immobilisation at the University of Sheffield, UK, a Fellow of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences and a Technical expert for the International Atomic Energy Agency. He has published widely and is noted for his work on highly excited systems and Rydberg matter, glass transition and viscosity of amorphous materials, and his research into nuclear waste processing and immobilization technologies.
Bill Lee is Professor of Ceramic Engineering and Director of the Centre for Advanced Structural Ceramics at Imperial College London. He is Deputy Chair of the UK Government advisory Committee on Radioactive Waste Management (CoRWM), an IAEA Technical Expert and a member of the American Ceramic Society Board of Directors. His research interests include radwaste and radiation damage, clays and clay-based ceramics, glass ceramics, structural ceramics and ceramic matrix composites, high temperature refractory composites and ceramics in environmental cleanup.