Handbook of Porphyrin Science (Volume 30)

The following sections are included:

• Contents

• Preface for Volumes 26–30

• Preface for Volumes 21–25

• Contributing Authors for Volumes 1–30

• Contents of Volumes 1–30

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• Peroxidase Maturation
  • Ester Bonds
  • Sulfonium Vinyl Bond

• Cytochrome P450 Maturation
  • CYP4 Family Proteins
  • Bacterial Model Systems

• Other Hemoproteins
  • Heme Vinyl Crosslinks
  • Heme Meso-Crosslinks
  • Propionic Acid Groups and Pyrrole Rings
  • Addition to the Heme Iron and Porphyrin Nitrogens

• Conclusions and Future Directions

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• The Link Between Heme Homeostasis and Heme-Binding Proteins

• Thiol/Disulfide Redox Switches

• Heme Oxygenase
  • HO: Substrates, Reaction, and Gene Expression
  • HO Catalytic Mechanism
  • HRMs and the Thiol/Disulfide Redox Switch in HO₂ that Regulates Heme Binding

• The BK Channel, a CXXCH Thiol/Disulfide Switch and Binding of Heme, CO and HO₂

• Redox- and Heme-dependent Regulation of the Nuclear Receptor, Rev-erbβ

• Summary and Perspectives for the Future

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• Heme

• Structure of Heme-Binding Sites

• Approaches to the Identification of Non-Canonical Heme-Binding Proteins
  • Hemin-Crosslinked Resins and Proteomics
  • Bioinformatics

• Non-Canonical HBPs: Heme-Binding Properties and Functions
  • eIF2α (HRI)
  • Rev-erbα and Rev-erbβ
  • Arginyl-tRNA Synthetase
  • Glutamyl-tRNA Reductase
  • CLOCK
  • mPer2
  • Factor VIII
  • BK Channel
  • ABCG2
  • DHR51
  • p22HBP and SOUL
  • N-terminus of the Human Growth Hormone
  • Prostaglandin G/H Synthase (Cyclooxygenase)
  • GSTStanniocalcin-1 and Stanniocalcin-2
  • DiGeorge Critical Region 8
  • Bach1
  • Immunoglobulin G and C1_q
  • GAPDH

• Potential HBPs

• Future Directions

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• eIF2α Kinase-mediated Translational Control

• Hepatic HRI eIF2α Kinase
  • HRI Structure
  • HRI, a Hepatic Heme Sensor: Heme Binding and Regulation
  • Mechanism of HRI eIF2α Kinase Catalytic Function
  • HRI Autoactivation via Multisite Phosphorylation/Stabilization
  • HRI Inhibition
  • Chemical-mediated HRI Activation

• Consequences of HRI eIF2α Kinase Autoactivation in the Liver
  • Role of HRI in Global De Novo Synthesis of Hepatic Proteins Including P450s and TDO
  • Role of HRI in Hepatic P450 Protein Turnover

• Summary

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• Ftn, Bfr, and Dps
  • Ferritin
  • DNA-Binding Proteins from Starved Cells (Dps)
  • Bacterioferritin

• Bfr Structure and Function
  • Ferroxidase Center
  • Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrum of Heme in Bfr
  • Heme Content in Recombinant Bfr
  • In Vitro Reconstitution (Mineralization) of Recombinant Bfr with an Iron Core

• Mechanism of Iron Uptake and Mineralization
  • Ec Bfr
  • Pa BfrB
  • Studies with Other Bfrs

• Iron Release from the Bfr Cavity
  • Protein–Protein Interactions Regulate the Release of Iron Stored in Bfr
  • Iron Release from Pa BfrB Requires Pa Bfd to Mediate Electrons from a Reductase
  • Role of Heme in Iron Mobilization
  • Structure of the Pa BfrB–Pa Bfd Complex

• How Does Iron Traffic Out of the Bfr Cavity?
  • Threefold Pores
  • Fourfold Pores
  • B Pores
  • Possible Routes for Fe²⁺ Egress

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• NMR and Heme Proteins
  • Basic Aspects of NMR of Paramagnetic Systems Applied to Heme Proteins
  • Relevant Equations

• The Interactome of Heme Proteins
  • What We Can Learn from NMR

• Emerging NMR Techniques
  • Solid State NMR
  • In-Cell NMR

• Conclusions and Future Directions

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Heme Proteins and Enzymes

• Heme-based Catalytic Chemistry

• Biomimetic Heme Chemistry

• Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Biomimetic Heme Systems
  • Homogeneous Biomimetic Heme Systems
  • Heterogeneous Biomimetic Heme Chemistry

• MOF Materials

• Porphyrin-encapsulated MOFs

• MOMzymes: Metal Organic Biomimetic Heme Catalysis

• Photocatalytic MOMzymes

• Conclusions and Future Directions

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction
  • The Machinery in Gram-negative Bacteria
  • The Machinery in Gram-positive Bacteria

• Gram-negative Systems
  • Hemophore-based Systems
  • Direct Heme Uptake Systems

• Gram-positive Systems
  • Extracellular Near-iron Transporter Domains

• General Discussion of Mechanism and Future Challenges
  • What Do We Know about Mechanism?
  • What Do We Not Know about Mechanism?

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• List of Abbreviations

• Introduction

• Some Chemistry of the Oxidative Reactions of Heme that are Damaging In Vivo

• Biology of Heme–HPX
  • Heme-binding and Structural Features of the Native Protein and Heme Complex
  • Role of HPX as an Extracellular Antioxidant
  • Heme Delivery by HPX with Normal Recycling of Intact HPX
  • Mechanisms for Heme Release from HPX
  • Uptake of Heme–HPX by the Scavenger Receptor, LRP1/CD91 Leads to Degradation of HPX
  • HPX–Heme Transport System in Inflammatory Conditions
  • HPX Competes with Human Pathogens for Heme in the Human Host
  • Interactions of HPX with the Immune System: Tolerance, Synergistic Signaling, and Cell-specific Effects
  • Evidence that Heme from Hb, Not Hb Per Se, Is the More Damaging Molecule In Vivo, Bolsters the Use of HPX Levels in Clinical Diagnosis and Therapeutics

• HPX and Human Diseases: Proteomics and Biomarker Studies
  • Proteomics Introduction
  • HPX in Brain Injury and Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • HPX Distinguishes Iron-deficiency Anemia from Anemia of Inflammation
  • HPX in Early Detection and Diagnosis of Disease, and as an Indicator of Response to Therapy
  • Changes in HPX Expression in Proteomes Other than the Plasma Proteome
  • HPX in the Glycoproteome
  • HPX as Part of the Host Response to Infections
  • HPX in Conditions of Oxidative Stress that Respond to Dietary Changes

• Conclusions

• Acknowledgments

• References

The following sections are included:

• Index to Volume 30

• Cumulative Index to Volumes 26–30