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TREATMENT PROCESSES

      https://doi.org/10.1142/9781848160798_0002Cited by:0 (Source: Crossref)
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      Abstract:

      The following sections are included:

      • Scope

      • Raw Water Sources and Data

      • Treated Water Quality

      • Raw Water Storage

      • Pretreatment

        • Screens

        • Aeration

        • Presettlement

        • Oxidation

      • Coagulation and Precipitation

      • Clarification (Primary Treatment)

      • Filtration

      • Activated Carbon

        • Powdered Activated Carbon

        • Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)

      • Specific Processes

        • Ozonisation

        • Nitrate Removal

        • Ammonia Removal

        • Fluoride Addition/Removal

        • Phosphate Removal

      • Softening

        • Ion Exchange

        • Precipitation Softening

        • Membrane Softening

        • Water Conditioning

      • Iron and Manganese Removal

        • Borehole Sources

        • Surface Waters

      • Desalination

        • Evaporation

        • Reverse Osmosis

        • Electrodialysis

        • Ion Exchange

        • Post treatment

      • Specific Removal processes

      • Disinfection

        • Chlorination

        • Chlorine Dioxide

        • Ozone

        • Ultra violet light

        • Pasteurisation (Thermal)

      • pH Correction and Stabilisation

      • Laboratory Testing

      • References