Chapter 5: Thermodynamics

The following sections are included:

• Elementary Course

  • Heat and Temperature

    • Empirical temperature

    • One Mole and Avogadro's Number

    • Equation of State for Ideal Gas

    • Quantity of Heat and Heat Capacity

• Elementary Problems

  • Problem 5.1. Properties of temperature

  • Problem 5.2. Potential energy and heat

  • Problem 5.3. Change of the state of an ideal gas

  • Problem 5.4. Making water hotter than tea

• Advanced Course

  • Kinetic Theory of Gases

    • Gas Pressure

    • Internal Energy

  • The First Law of Thermodynamics

    • Quasi-Static Process

    • The First Law of Thermodynamics

• Advanced Problems

  • Problem 5.5. Brownian motion

    • I Concentration of powder particles and osmotic pressure

    • II Mobility of particles

    • III Diffusion coefficient and Einstein's relation

    • IV Particle colliding with water molecules

    • V Behavior of a particle in the diffusion

  • Problem 5.6. Thermal conduction