Capturing Value from Knowledge Assets: The New Economy, Markets for Know-How, and Intangible Assets
Reprinted from California Management Review, 40(3) (Spring 1998), 55–79.
The following sections are included:
Knowledge and Competitive Advantage
Liberalization of Markets
Expansion of What's Tradable
Strengthening of Intellectual Property Regimes
The Growing Importance of Increasing Returns
Decoupling of Information Flows from the Flow of Goods and Services
Ramifications of New Information and Communications Technologies
Product Architecture and Technology "Fusion"
Implications
Capturing Value from Knowledge and Competence
The Nature of Knowledge
Codified/Tacit
Observable/Non-observable in use
Positive/Negative knowledge
Autonomous/Systematic knowledge
Intellectual property regime
Replicability, Imitability, and Appropriability
Appropriability and Markets for Know-How and Competence
Some Sectoral Differences in the Market for Know-How
Complementary Assets
Dynamic Capabilities
External sensing
Organizational action
Implications for the Theory of the Firm
Conclusion
Notes