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13: THE SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION: A REVIEW OF THE CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

    https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814546829_0029Cited by:0 (Source: Crossref)
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    Abstract:

    This study aims to provide a structured conceptual overview of the second Green Revolution. Three areas are examined: the motivations for the second Green Revolution; the socio-economic necessity of the second Green Revolution; and the challenges to sustainability of the second Green Revolution. This study identifies three primary objectives of second Green Revolution scientists: increase crop yields to match population growth; prevent a decline in agricultural output caused by climate change; and develop sustainable agricultural technologies and methods to avoid environmental degradation. This study finds that if present trends in population growth and climate change continue unabated, the global allocation of cereals by 2080 could be as low as 125 kcal per capita per day. Among anticipated second Green Revolution technologies, the following are found to be the least sustainable based on their significant potential for ecological damage: genetically modified organisms for pest resistance; genetically modified organisms for herbicide resistance; and the biological control of pests.