Quantum Gravity and CosmologyNo Access

Viscous Cosmology and the Cardy-Verlinde Formula

I. Brevik

Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway

https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217751X03015593Cited by:5 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

The holographic principle in a radiation dominated universe is extended to incorporate the case of a bulk-viscous cosmic fluid. This corresponds to a nonconformally invariant theory. Generalization of the Cardy-Verlinde entropy formula to the viscous case appears to be possible from a formal point of view, although we question on physical grounds the manner in which the Casimir energy is evaluated in this case. Also, we consider in the present paper an observation recently made by Youm, namely that the entropy of the universe is no longer expressible in the conventional Cardy-Verlinde form if one relaxes the radiation dominance equation of state and instead merely assumes that the pressure is proportional to the energy density. We show that Youm's generalized entropy formula remains valid when the cosmic fluid is no longer ideal, but endowed with a constant bulk viscosity ζ.

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