Review PaperNo Access

THEORIES OF PHASE BEHAVIOR OF COLLOIDAL SUSPENSIONS

G. NAVASCUÉS

Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

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E. VELASCO

Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales Nicolás Cabrera, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

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, and

L. MEDEROS

Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, E-28049 Madrid, Spain

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217979204023787Cited by:1 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Colloidal suspensions are ubiquitous in nature. They also occur in many processes of industrial and technological interest. However, an understanding of the basic microscopic interactions and the rich phase behavior exhibited by colloidal suspensions is still lacking. In the present paper we give a short overview of the different statistical-mechanical approaches that have been proposed to account for the phase behavior and phase transitions occurring in systems made up of spherical colloidal particles immersed in a fluid matrix of structureless solvent particles. Effective interactions in these systems are seen to be invariably of a very short-ranged nature, and particular emphasis is put on different models that very accurately approximate these interactions. A central theme of this review is the effect of correctly incorporating the correlation structure of the colloidal system into the statistical-mechanical treatment, and how this feature very decisively affects the quality of the theoretical predictions for the colloid thermodynamics and phase behavior. Based on the importance of the correlation structure, theories relying on perturbative expressions are seen to fail to a higher or lesser extent when applied to systems of particles interacting via short-ranged potentials, and a critical discussion is provided on different proposals to overcome these difficulties. In particular, a recently proposed self-consistent nonperturbative theory is reviewed, and some of its more recent applications are shown.

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