Nanocoating and Thin FilmsNo Access

A STUDY ON THE ELECTRODEPOSITION MECHANISM OF COBALT-NICKEL/COPPER MULTILAYER FROM SULFATE SOLUTION

Material Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O.Box 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran

and

Material Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O.Box 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran

Corresponding Author, Materials Science and Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, P.O.Box 11155-9466, Tehran, Iran, Tel: +98 21 66165201, Fax: +98 21 66005717.

Search for more papers by this author

https://doi.org/10.1142/S0217979208047912Cited by:1 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

The cobalt-nickel/copper multilayer films were prepared by electrodeposition process in sulfate solution using a three electrode cell. Cyclic voltammetry and double chronoampermetry techniques were utilized to characterize the multilayer system and to obtain the nucleation and growth mechanism. The cyclic voltammograms determined the reduction potential range of the three components and also clearly emphasized that electrodeposition of cobalt-nickel alloy was controlled by a kinetic process, while copper ions were reduced with diffusion-controlled mechanism. These results were confirmed with those which were extracted from the chronoampermetry curves. In addition, the current transients revealed that nucleation mechanism was a typical three-dimensional nucleation process. The Atomic Force Microscope images (AFM) of these multilayers also confirmed the three-dimensional nucleation mechanism. The compositional analysis of these multilayers was carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) methods. The bulk and surface compositional analysis both revealed that the amount of Copper component within the cobalt-nickel layers is less than 3%.

Keywords:

You currently do not have access to the full text article.
Recommend the journal to your library today!

References

R. D. McMichaelet al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 113, 149 (1992), DOI: 10.1016/0304-8853(92)91261-Q. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
M. Alperet al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 126, 8 (1993), DOI: 10.1016/0304-8853(93)90530-F. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
D. Tench and J. White, Metall. Trans. A 15, 2039 (1984). Crossref, Google Scholar
R. Weil, C. C. Nee and J. W. Chang, Metall. Trans. A 19, 1569 (1988). Crossref, Google Scholar
D. M. Tench and J. T. White, J. Electrochem. Soc. 138, 3757 (1991), DOI: 10.1149/1.2085495. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
A. W. Ruff and Z. X. Wang, Wear 131, 259 (1989), DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(89)90168-3. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
A. W. Ruff and D. S. Lashmore, Wear 151, 245 (1991), DOI: 10.1016/0043-1648(91)90252-P. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
U. Cohen, F. B. Koch and R. Sard, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130, 1987 (1983), DOI: 10.1149/1.2119507. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
J. Switzer, M. J. Shane and R. J. Phillips, Science 247, 444 (1990), DOI: 10.1126/science.247.4941.444. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
S. M. S. I. Dulal, E. A. Charles and S. Roy, Electrochimica Acta 49, 2041 (2004), DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2003.12.038. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
L. Péteret al., Electrochimica Acta 52, 3813 (2007). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
E. Gomezet al., Surf. Coat. Tech. 153, 261 (2002), DOI: 10.1016/S0257-8972(01)01698-X. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
L. H. Bennettet al., Phys. Rev. 40, 4633 (1988). Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
M. Alperet al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 63, 2144 (1993), DOI: 10.1063/1.110567. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
S. Z. Huaet al., J. Appl. Phys. 76, 6519 (1994), DOI: 10.1063/1.358250. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
M. Alperet al., J. Appl. Phys. 75, 6543 (1994), DOI: 10.1063/1.356942. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
G. Nabiyouni and W. Schwarzacher, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 156, 355 (1996), DOI: 10.1016/0304-8853(95)00896-9. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
M. Alper, W. Schwarzacher and S. J. Lane, J. Electrochem. Soc. 144, 2346 (1997), DOI: 10.1149/1.1837816. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
S. Kainumaet al., J. Magn. Soc. Jpn. 22, 224 (1998). Web of Science, Google Scholar
A. Czirákiet al., Z. Metall. 90, 278 (1999). Google Scholar
O. I. Kasyutichet al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 147, 2964 (2000), DOI: 10.1149/1.1393632. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
G. Nabiyouniet al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 149, C218 (2002), DOI: 10.1149/1.1456923. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
G. Nabiyouniet al., J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 253, 77 (2002), DOI: 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00435-3. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
A. M. Herman, M. Mansour and V. Badri, Thin Solid Films 362, 74 (2000). Crossref, Google Scholar
A. A. Pasa and W. Schwarzacher, Phys. Stat. Sol. 173, 73 (1999). Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
E. Toth Kadaret al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 147, 3311 (2000). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
Y. Jyokoet al., Electrochem. Solid Stat. Lett. 2, 77 (1999). Web of Science, Google Scholar
Y. Uedaet al., J. Solid Stat. Chem. 147, 274 (1999), DOI: 10.1006/jssc.1999.8271. Crossref, Web of Science, ADS, Google Scholar
E. Gomezet al., Electrochimica Acta 48, 1005 (2003), DOI: 10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00814-9. Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
E. J. Podlahaet al., Nanomaterials Handbook (2006) p. 475. Google Scholar
A. J. Bard and L. R. Faulkner , Electrochemical Methods , 2nd edn. ( Willy , New York , 2001 ) . Google Scholar
B. R. Scharifikeret al., J. Electrochem. Soc. 146, 1005 (1999). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar