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This is an Open Access article in the “Special Issue Section on Fractal AI-Based Analyses and Applications to Complex Systems: Part I”, edited by Yeliz Karaca (University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA), Dumitru Baleanu (Cankaya University, Turkey), Majaz Moonis (University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA), Khan Muhammad (Sejong University, South Korea), Yu-Dong Zhang (University of Leicester, UK) & Osvaldo Gervasi (Perugia University, Italy) published by World Scientific Publishing Company. It is distributed under the terms of the
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC-BY-NC-ND) License which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.