THE MECHANICS OF FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS UNDERSTANDING OF DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF BARIUM TITANATE
Abstract
Ferroelectric ceramics, such as barium titanate, have garnered significant interest due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. In particular, their ability to undergo significant deformation under an applied electric field aids in their utilization in many applications, including actuators and sensors. The deformation behavior of ferroelectric ceramics is complex and is influenced by various factors, such as crystal structure, defect density, and processing conditions. This study focuses on the mechanics of ferroelectric ceramics and seeks to offer a thorough comprehension of the barium titanate’s deformation behavior. The study begins by discussing the crystal structure of barium titanate and how it influences the ferroelectric behavior of the material. It then delves into the various mechanisms of deformation, including domain wall motion, phase transformation, and twinning. The study also discusses the effects of temperature, electric field strength, and microstructure on the deformation behavior of barium titanate. Furthermore, the study explores the relationship between the deformation behavior and the mechanical characteristics of barium titanate, including Poisson’s ratio and Young’s modulus. Finally, the study concludes with a discussion of the potential applications of ferroelectric ceramics and the need for further research in this area. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the deformation behavior of barium titanate showcasing distinct influences of grain size, texture, and anisotropy. Notably, varying grain sizes significantly impact deformation behavior. For instance, smaller grain sizes (<10μm) exhibit superior deformation characteristics, correlating with higher permittivity values (2731–5801) compared to larger grain counterparts (18.4μm). Additionally, transition temperatures (TO–T) for different grain sizes (18.0–30.1∘C for smaller grains, 21.5–30.6∘C for larger grains) underscore the impact of phase transitions on grain size. These results underscore the paramount importance of grain size, texture, and anisotropy in governing the mechanical traits of barium titanate, emphasizing their consideration during fabrication and processing for optimal performance in diverse applications.
