A Systems Security Analysis of Issuance and Verification of Birth Documents Enhanced with DNA Profiles

The use of biometrics to enhance identification has been explored and utilized to various extents. DNA is the most reliable and stable biometric that remains unchanged throughout an individual’s lifetime. Advancements in DNA analysis, in terms of reduced cost and faster processing times, make the use of DNA as a biometric more feasible over time. Since DNA data is of a sensitive nature, privacy and ethical concerns would have to be carefully considered before large-scale adoption for use in identity documents. Birth certificates are a fundamental document used by a person for identification. However, it does not contain any means of authentication beyond possession of the document. This paper examines the security measures that would be required if birth certificates were embedded with DNA profile information. The U.S. FBI CODIS approach is referred to, being an established standard for human DNA profiling and identification. Effects on the issuance and verification network for birth certificate documents are explored, in addition to the security threats.