No Access

Analogy Queries in Information Systems — A New Challenge

Christoph Lofi

National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo 101-8430, Japan

https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219649213500214Cited by:1 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Besides the tremendous progress in web-related technologies, interfaces to access the web or large information systems have largely stayed at the level of keyword searches and categorical browsing. This paper introduces analogy queries as one of the essential techniques required to bridge the gap between today's interfaces and future interaction paradigms. The intuitive concept of analogies is directly derived from human cognition and communication practices, and is in fact often considered to be the core concept of human cognition. In brief, analogies form abstract relationships between concepts, which can be used to efficiently exchange information and knowledge needs or transmit even complex concepts including important connotations in a strictly human-centred and natural fashion. Building of analogy-enabled information systems opens up a number of interesting scientific challenges, e.g. how does communication using analogies work? How can this process be represented? How can information systems understand what a user provided analogy actually means? How can analogies be discovered? This paper aims at discussing some of these questions and is intended as a corner stone of future research efforts.

Keywords:

References

S. Auer et al. , The Semantic Web 4825 , 722 ( 2007 ) . Crossref, Google Scholar
S. Baccianella, A. Esuli and F. Sebastiani, SentiWordNet 3.0?: An enhanced lexical resource for sentiment analysis and opinion mining, Int. Conf. Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC10) (2008) pp. 2200–2204. Google Scholar
J. Blythe and M. Veloso , Analogical replay for efficient conditional planning , Nat. Conf. Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) ( 1997 ) . Google Scholar
D. T. Bollegala , Y. Matsuo and M. Ishizuka , Measuring the similarity between implicit semantic relations from the web , 18th Int. Conf. World Wide Web (WWW) ( 2009 ) . Google Scholar
W. R. Brown, Informal Logic 11(3), 160 (1989). Crossref, Google Scholar
D. J. Chalmers, R. M. French and D. R. Hofstadter, Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence 4(3), 185 (1992). Crossref, Google Scholar
D. Davidov , Unsupervised discovery of generic relationships using pattern clusters and its evaluation by automatically generated SAT analogy questions , Ass. for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (ACL:HLT) ( 2008 ) . Google Scholar
Ferrucci, D, E Brown, J Chu-Carroll, J Fan, D Gondek, AA Kalyanpur, A Lally, JW Murdock, E Nyberg, J Prager, N Schlaefer and C Welty (2010). Building watson: An overview of the DeepQA project. AI Magazine, 31(3), 59–79 . Google Scholar
K. D. Forbus , T. Mostek and R. Ferguson , Analogy ontology for integrating analogical processing and first-principles reasoning , Nat. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) ( 2002 ) . Google Scholar
D. Gentner , Cognitive Science 7 , 155 ( 1983 ) . Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
D. Gentner and V. Gunn, Memory & Cognition 29(4), 565 (2001). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
D. Gentner, Language in Mind: Advances in the Study of Language and Thought, eds. D. Gentner and S. Goldin-Meadow (MIT Press, MA, 2003) pp. 195–235. Crossref, Google Scholar
D. Gentner and A. B. Markman , American Psychologist 52 , 45 ( 1997 ) . Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
Z. Harris , Word 10 , 146 ( 1954 ) . Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
G. R. Hjaltason and H. Samet, ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS) 28(4), 517 (2003). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
D. R. Hofstadter, The Analogical Mind, eds. D. Gentner, K. J. Holyoak and B. N. Kokinov (MIT Press, MA, 2001) pp. 499–538. Crossref, Google Scholar
Homoceanu, S and W-T Balke (2012). Chips off the old block — focused structure discovery for web entities based on family resemblance. In Technical Report on Http://www.ifis.cs.tu-bs.de/staff/silviu-homoceanu . Google Scholar
S. Homoceanu et al. , Will I like it? — Providing product overviews based on opinion excerpts , IEEE Conference on Commerce and Enterprise Computing (CEC) ( 2011 ) . Google Scholar
J. E. Hummel and K. J. Holyoak, Current Directions in Psychological Science 14(3), 153 (2005). Crossref, Web of Science, Google Scholar
M. Ishizuka , Exploiting macro and micro relations toward web intelligence , 11th Pacific Rim Int. Conf. Trends in Artificial Intelligence (PRICAI) ( 2010 ) . Google Scholar
A. Juthe, Argumentation 19(1), 1 (2005). Crossref, Google Scholar
Kant, I, Critique of Judgment, Translated by J. H. Bernard, New York: Hafner Publishing, 1951 . Google Scholar
D. Leake , Case-Based Reasoning: Experiences, Lessons, and Future Directions ( MIT Press , MA , 1996 ) . Google Scholar
J. Lee et al. , Product EntityCube: A recommendation and navigation system for product search , 26th IEEE Int. Conf. Data Engineering (ICDE) ( 2010 ) . Google Scholar
C. Lofi , Just ask a human? — Controlling quality in relational similarity and analogy processing using the crowd , CDIM Workshop at Database Systems for Business Technology and Web (BTW) ( 2013 ) . Google Scholar
C. Lofi , C. Nieke and W.-T. Balke , Mobile product browsing using Bayesian retrieval , 12th IEEE Conf. Commerce and Enterprise Computing (CEC) ( 2010 ) . Google Scholar
M. Minsky, The Psychology of Computer Vision (1975) pp. 211–277. Google Scholar
C. T. Morrison and E. Dietrich , Structure-mapping vs. high-level perception: The mistaken fight over the explanation of analogy , Conf. Cognitive Science Society ( 1995 ) . Google Scholar
N. Nakashole , G. Weikum and F. Suchanek , PATTY: A taxonomy of relational patterns with semantic types , Int. Conf. Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP 2012) ( 2012 ) . Google Scholar
J. Selke, S. Homoceanu and W.-T. Balke, Computer Science: Research and Development 27(1), 65 (2012). Crossref, Google Scholar
C. Shelley , Multiple Analogies In Science And Philosophy ( John Benjamins Pub Co , Amsterdam , 2003 ) . Crossref, Google Scholar
F. M. Suchanek , G. Kasneci and G. Weikum , Yago: Acore of semantic knowledge , 16th Int. Conf. World Wide Web (WWW) ( 2007 ) . Google Scholar
K. Toutanovaet al., Feature-Rich Part-of-Speech Tagging with a Cyclic Dependency Network, Proceedings of HLT-NAACL 2003 (2003) pp. 252–259. Google Scholar
P. Turney , A uniform approach to analogies, synonyms, antonyms, and associations , 22th Int. Conf. Computational Linguistics (COLING) ( 2008 ) . Google Scholar
P. D. Turney et al. , Combining independent modules to solve multiple-choice synonym and analogy problems , Int. Conf. Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP) ( 2003 ) . Google Scholar
K. VanLehn and R. M. Jones , Machine Learning Methods for Planning , ed. S. Minton ( Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc. , San Francisco, CA , 1993 ) . Google Scholar