Special Issue on Computational Intelligence in Signal and Image Processing; Guest Editors: Yen-Wei Chen and Vasile PaladeNo Access

VQ-BASED GRAY WATERMARK EMBEDDING SCHEME WITH GENETIC INDEX ASSIGNMENT

FENG-HSING WANG

School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia

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LAKHMI C. JAIN

School of Electrical and Information Engineering, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia

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, and

JENG-SHYANG PAN

Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung, Taiwan 807, R. O. C.

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S1469026804001227Cited by:2 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

A digital watermarking scheme based on vector quantisation (VQ) for gray watermark is proposed. It begins with the procedure of encoding the gray watermark, and embeds the encoded indices into the cover image in VQ domain then. To improve the performance of the watermarking scheme, a genetic index assignment (GIA) procedure, which modifies the signal of the watermark to suit the signal of the cover image, is proposed. The proposed gray watermark embedding scheme is easy to implement, requires no original cover image to be presented during extraction, expands the size of the used watermark, and provides better watermarked results. Experimental results will show the novelty and effectiveness of it.

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