Special Issue on 8th South China Sea Tsunami Workshop China on 2–5 November 2015 (SCSTW 8); Guest Editors: Changbo Jiang, Yu Yao and Zhenhua HuangNo Access

Analytic Arrival-Time Prediction Method for the Largest Wave of Tsunami Trapped by Parabolic Oceanic Ridges

Mengjie Xiong

Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210024, China

Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defense, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

E-mail Address: xiongmengjie1007@163.com

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Gang Wang

College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

E-mail Address: gangwang@hhu.edu.cn

Corresponding author.

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Jinhai Zheng

Key Laboratory of Coastal Disaster and Defense, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China

E-mail Address: jhzheng@hhu.cn

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Junliang Gao

School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China

E-mail Address: gaojunliang880917@163.com

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, and

Nguyen Viet Thanh

Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Transport and Communications, Hanoi Vietnam

E-mail Address: viethanh@utc.edu.vn

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793431117400048Cited by:0 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Oceanic ridges could act as waveguides transferring tsunami energy to thousands of kilometers away, pumping large energy in to far-field regions as a secondary source. The shallow-water wave velocity $c = {(g h)}^{1 / 2}$ $c = {(g h)}^{1 / 2}$ can only predict the arrival time of the early signals accurately but can hardly estimate that of ridge-trapped waves. The present study provides a fast analytic prediction method to estimate the arrival time of the subsequent large trapped waves. The method is based on the energy velocity solution of trapped waves over the uniform parabolic-shaped submerged ridge. Records of two-tide gauge stations, located nearby Sand Island and Nawiliwili for the 2011 Tohoku tsunami are chosen to illustrate the application of this method. The Sand Island record shows typical open-ocean island characteristics that the maximum wave height is followed by rapid amplitude decay. While the Nawiliwili record is strongly affected by topographical trapping effect of the Hawaii Ridge, and several subsequent wave trains carrying large energy arrive within one day duration. Further investigations show that the present analytic method is able to estimate the arrival time for these distinguished subsequent trains.

Keywords:

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