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A NORMATIVE DATABASE OF ISOKINETIC UPPER-EXTREMITY JOINT STRENGTHS: TOWARDS THE EVALUATION OF DYNAMIC HUMAN PERFORMANCE

Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Miami, Florida, U.S.A.

Correspondence: Kinda Khalaf, Ph.D., Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Miami, 1251 Memorial Dr., MCA, 219A, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A.

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and

M. PARNIANPOUR

Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Miami, Florida, U.S.A.

Department of Industrial, Welding, & Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Ohio, U.S.A.

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https://doi.org/10.4015/S101623720100011XCited by:7 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to provide a normative database of dynamic upper-extremity (shoulder and elbow) joint strengths to fill the current void in literature for multidimensional strength capacity profiles. The isokinetic strength of the elbow and shoulder joints was tested for twenty normal males and females. The independent variables consisted of joint angular position, joint angular velocity, direction of exertion, and gender. The measured joint strength (torque, Nm) was the only defined dependent variable. The majority of existing joint strength prediction models and normative databases are static (isometric) in nature. The few available dynamic models are reported in the form of torque as a function of joint angle. Since joint strength is a function of both the joint angular position and angular velocity, descriptive models should take this interaction into consideration. The dynamic joint strengths of the subjects were studied using the KIN_COM 125E Plus. A second-order multiple regression analysis was used to model the dynamic 3-D strength surface response of each joint in each direction of exertion. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures design was used to test for the effects of gender, angular position, angular velocity, and direction on the dynamic strength of each joint, joint strength was significantly influenced by dynamic parameters such as the angular velocity. The interaction between angular position and velocity was highly significant. 3-D strength surface representation may be used as a "performance capacity envelope" to comprehensively characterize an individual's dynamic joint strength performance.

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