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Management of Organophosphorus Compound Poisoning

    https://doi.org/10.1142/9781848161443_0012Cited by:6 (Source: Crossref)
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    Abstract:

    The following sections are included:

    • Treatment of Organophosphorus Compound Poisoning

      • General Measures

      • Antidote Treatment

      • Protective measures for those involved in treatment

    • General Measures

    • Decontamination

    • Minimising Further Absorption of OP Agent

      • Gastric Decontamination

      • Gastric Aspiration followed by Lavage

      • Oral Activated Charcoal

      • Intestinal Lavage and Whole Bowel Irrigation (WBI)

      • Haemodialysis, haemoperfusion, forced diuresis

    • Diagnosis

    • Monitoring

      • Basic Monitoring of Physiological Parameters

    • Antidote Treatment

      • Counteracting the Muscarinic Effects of Excess Acetylcholine

      • Counteracting the Nicotinic Effects of Inhibition of Cholinesterase

    • Anticonvulsants

    • Magnesium and Pancuronium

    • Sodium Bicarbonate Infusions

    • Phenothiazines

    • Respiratory Stimulants

    • Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Support (ECPS)

    • Management of Poisoning during Pregnancy

    • Psychiatric Counselling

    • Prevention of Further Exposure

    • Monitoring and Prevention of Occupational Exposure

    • Appendix 1 Additional Data on Clinically and Experimentally Used Antidotes

      • NMDA receptor channel blockers, adenosine receptor agonists

      • Clonidine and Medetomidine

      • Fluoride

      • Lidocaine

      • Annealed Red Cells

      • Glucoside Extracted from Root of Astragalus membranaceus

    • Appendix 2 Oximes

      • Pralidoxime

      • Obidoxime

    • References