NUCLEAR MATTER PHASE TRANSITION IN INFINITE AND FINITE SYSTEMS

A new “semiclassical” model of the nuclear matter, composed of u, d colored quarks, is proposed. The approach, named Constrained Molecular Dynamics (CoMD) is based on the molecular dynamics simulation of the quarks, which interact through the Richardson’s potential, and on a constraint due to Pauli blocking. With a suitable choice of the quark masses, some possible Equation of State (EOS) of the nuclear matter, at temperature equal to zero and finite baryon density, are obtained. These equations of state, not only present some known properties of the nuclear matter, as the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) phase transition, but also shown the existence of a new state, the Exotic Color Clustering (ECC) state, in which cluster of quarks with the same color are formed. Some new quantities, “indicators” of the phase transition, are introduced: three order parameters, M_c2, M_c3, M_c4 defined trough the Gell-Mann matrices λ^α, and the lifetime of the J/Ψ particle. The behavior of the J/Ψ particle is studied also in the “finite” systems, obtained by expanding the corresponding “infinite” systems. It seems that the dynamics and the finite size effects do not wash completely the phase transition occurred in infinite systems, and the J/Ψ particle is still a good signature.