Diffusion in a Composite

The following sections are included:

• Basic Equations for Two Components in Perfect Contact

• Effective Equation on the Macroscale

• Effective Boundary Condition

• Symmetry and Positiveness of Effective Conductivity

• Laminated Composites

• Bounds for Effective Conductivity

  • First Variational Principle and the Upper Bound

  • Dual Variational Principle and the Lower Bound

• Hashin–Shtrikman Bounds

  • Results and Implications

  • Derivation of Hashin–Shtrikman Bounds

• Other Approximate Results for Dilute Inclusions

• Thermal Resistance at the Interface

• Laminated Composites with Thermal Resistance

  • Effective Coefficients

  • Application to Thermal Barrier Coatings

• Bounds for the Effective Conductivity

  • Variational Principles and Bounds

  • Application to a Particulate Composite

• Chemical Transport in Aggregated Soil

• Appendix 2A. Heat Transfer in a Two-Slab System

• References