Ionic and Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductivity

The following sections are included:

• Point Defects

  • The Schottky defect

  • The Frenkel and anti-Frenkel defect mechanism

  • Concentration of point defects

• Line Defects

  • Edge dislocation

  • Screw dislocation

  • Mixed dislocation

• Planar Defects

• Diffusion Mechanisms

• Diffusion as a Random Walk

• Vacancy Mechanism

• Interstitial Mechanism

• Interstitialcy Mechanism

• Other Mechanisms

  • The ring mechanism

  • The Crowdian mechanism

• Conductivity

• Introduction to Solid Electrolytes

• Oxygen Ion Conductors

  • Thorium oxide (Thoria)

  • Zirconium Oxide (Zirconia)

  • Hafnium oxide (Hafnia)

  • Cerium oxide (Ceria)

  • Perovskites

  • Pyrochlores

  • Bismuth oxide

• Alkali Ion Conductors

• Halide Ion Conductors

• Ag-ion conductors

  • Stabilized α-AgI

• β-Al₂O₃

• Proton Conductors

  • Vehicle mechanism

  • Grotthuss mechanism

  • Water containing systems

  • Oxo acids and their salts

  • High temperature proton conductivity

  • Doped BaCeO₃ and SrCeO₃

  • Organic/inorganic systems

• Ionic Glasses

• Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

• Characteristics of the SOFC

• Cathode, Anode and the SOFC Reactions

• Power Output and System Efficiency

• Introduction to Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductivity

• The Defect Equilibrium in MO₂

  • Intermediate oxygen partial pressures

  • Low oxygen partial pressures

  • High oxygen partial pressure

• Kroger Vink (Brouwer) Diagram

• Electrolytic and Ionic Domains

• Effect of Dopants on the Defect Equilibria

• Ionic Transport Number

• Three Dimensional Representation

• Methods of Measuring Ionic and Mixed Ionic/Electronic Conductors: DC Conductivity Measurements

  • Two-probe technique

  • Four-probe technique

  • Van der Pauw technique

• AC Techniques

  • Impedance spectroscopy

• Current Interruption Technique

• Other Techniques

• Techniques for Measuring Partial (Mixed) Conductivity

  • EMF technique

  • The polarized cell technique

  • Oxygen permeation