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51 Photochemistry of Chlorophylls and Their Synthetic Analogs

    https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814322386_0003Cited by:87 (Source: Crossref)
    Abstract:

    The following sections are included:

    • List of Abbreviations

    • I. Introduction

    • II. Characterization of Chlorophylls

      • A. Structures and Nomenclature

      • B. Light Absorption

    • III. Natural Chlorophylls

      • A. In Photosynthetic Antennas

      • B. In Organic Solvents

        • 1. π-Skeletal Effect

        • 2. Peripheral Substituent Effect

          • a. 3-Substituents

          • b. 7-Substituents

          • c. 8-Substituents

          • d. 12-Substituents

          • e. 132-Substituents

          • f. 17-Substituents

          • g. 20-Substituents

          • h. Central metals

        • 3. Solvent Effects

    • IV. Semisynthetic Chlorophylls

      • A. π-Skeletons

      • B. 3-Substituents

        • 1. 3-Ethenyl Substituents (3-C=C)

        • 2. 3-Ethynyl Substituents (3-C≡C)

        • 3. 3-Carbonyl and Related Substituents (3-C=X)

        • 4. 3-Monosubstituted-Methyl Substituents (3-CH2X)

        • 5. 3-1-Monosubstituted-Alkyl Substituents (3-CHRX)

        • 6. Carbinols (3-C(OH)RR′)

        • 7. 3-Substituted Bacteriochlorins and Porphyrins

      • C. 7,8-Substituents

        • 1. 7-Substituents

        • 2. 2. 8-Substituents

        • 3. Formylated Chlorins

        • 4. 3-Acetyl-Bacteriochlorins

      • D. 13,15-Substituents

        • 1. 13-Substituents

        • 2. Modified 5-Membered E-Rings

        • 3. Modified 6-Membered E-Rings

        • 4. E-Ring-Opening Substituents

      • E. 20-Substituents

      • F. Central Metals

      • G. π-Systems

        • 1. B-Ring Reduced Chlorins

        • 2. Stereoselectively D-Ring Reduced Chlorins

        • 3. Isobacteriochlorins

    • V. Fully-Synthetic Chlorophyll Models

    • VI. Conclusions

    • VII. Acknowledgments

    • VIII. References