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EFFECTS OF WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION ON MUSCLE STRENGTH, BALANCE AND FUNCTIONAL MOBILITY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Ergonomics Research Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001, India

E-mail Address: mukhtaralam143@gmail.com

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Abid Ali Khan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9325-6640

Ergonomics Research Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Centre for Interdisciplinary Biomedical and Human Factors Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001, India

E-mail Address: abidak71@yahoo.com

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, and

Mohd Farooq

Machine Design, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202001, India

E-mail Address: mohdmmfarooq@rediffmail.com

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218957720500190Cited by:3 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a type of degenerative syndrome that causes impaired physical function, decreased walking, imbalance, spasticity, sensory impairment, muscle weakness, fatigue, and demyelination of the central nervous system. The purpose of this review was to critically examine available studies on the efficacy of whole-body vibration (WBV) in patients with MS during rehabilitation training to increase strength, balance, and functional mobility. An organized literature search was performed on databases from various sources, including PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE, to identify relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs). Eight studies were finally selected based on exclusion and inclusion criteria. Attempts were made to identify factors affecting the improvement in muscle strength, balance, and functional mobility in MS patients as a result of WBV. A meta-analysis was performed if two or more studies measured the same outcome of interest. The meta-analysis found that the WBV intervention showed significant improvement over control groups in Body Balance Score (BBS) (MD = $-$ 2.86, 95%CI = $-$ 5.29 $-$ 0.43; $Z = 2.31$ , $p = 0.02$ , heterogeneity ( $I^{2} = 91$ %). In addition, walking endurance (6MWT) favored control groups over WBV intervention (MD $= 59.86$ , 95%CI $= 20.3$ $-$ 99.41; $Z$ = 2.97, $p = 0.003$ ). Timed-Up-and-Go Test (TUG) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) ( $p > 0.05$ ) had no significant effect on WBV. Restoration of balance and functional mobility appeared to respond better to WBV with additional exercise protocols compared to WBV alone. Although there is evidence of an overall effect of WBV on strength and some measures of balance and mobility, its impact remains inconclusive. Therefore, more robust RCTs examining exposure to WBV on balance and functional mobility in patients with MS are warranted.

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