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The Challenges of Stem Cell Therapy in Myocardial Infarction and Heart Failure and the Potential Strategies to Improve the Outcomes

Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia

E-mail Address: bing.wang@monash.edu

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Danny Liew

Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia

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Kevin W. Huang

Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia

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Li Huang

Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia

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Wenjie Tang

Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Research Center for Translational Medicine and Biomedical Multidisciplinary Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, P. R. China

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Darren J. Kelly

Department of Medicine, St Vincent’s Hospital, University of Melbourne, Fitzroy Victoria, Australia

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Christopher Reid

Monash Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia

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, and

Zhongmin Liu

E-mail Address: liu.zhongmin@tongji.edu.cn

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https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793984418410088Cited by:3 (Source: Crossref)

This article is part of the issue:

Special Issue on Stem Cells and Nanomaterials for Regenerative Medicine; Guest Editors: Zhongmin Liu, Qing Liu and Wenjie Tang

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease remains the single highest global cause of death and a significant financial burden on the healthcare system. Despite the advances in medical treatments, the prevalence and mortality for heart failure remain unacceptably high. New approaches are urgently needed to reduce this burden and improve patient outcomes and quality of life. One such promising approach is stem cell therapy, including embryonic stem cells, bone marrow derived stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells. However, the cardiac microenvironment following myocardial infarction poses huge challenges with inflammation, adequate retention, engraftment and functional incorporation all crucial concerns. The lack of cardiac regeneration, cell viability and functional improvement has hindered the success of stem cell therapy in clinical settings. The use of biomaterial scaffolds in conjunction with stem cells has recently been shown to enhance the outcome of stem cell therapy for heart failure and myocardial infarction. This review outlines some of the current challenges in the treatment of heart failure and acute myocardial infarction through improving stem cell therapeutic strategies, as well as the prospect of suitable biomaterial scaffolds to enhance their efficacy and improve patient clinical outcomes.

Keywords:

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