The history of Kampo Medicine in Japan began with the introduction of continental medicine through the Korean Peninsula in the 5th and 6th centuries. Since then, Kampo Medicine, having its origins in ancient Chinese Medicine, has made its unique progress to this day. There are several reasons for its uniqueness of development, and the biggest one is geographical isolation. There were few opportunities to study continental medicine directly, except for some cases, such as envoys and priests who travelled to the continent, and physicians who learned medicine from foreign physicians from the Korean Peninsula and China. Most Japanese physicians indirectly learned through shipped manuscripts. Also, medical knowledge was often transmitted to Japan along with the Buddhism view of the universe, and the knowledge of Chinese Medicine was sometimes integrated with Buddhist knowledge. Another unique tendency in Japan is to attach importance to findings obtained by palpation; palpation of the abdomen is especially emphasized. Furthermore, the transmission of anatomical knowledge to Edo Japan prepared the foundation for accepting the Western medical view of the body, even among the physicians practicing traditional medicine.
On one hand, the rapid modernization has brought Japanese Kampo Medicine to a state of discontinuation from tradition, but on the other hand, chemical and pharmacological studies of crude drugs used in Kampo medicines and the studies of the effects of acupuncture on the autonomic nerves have been conducted. Research methods on the therapeutic effect of traditional medicine have diversified even after the war. However, the best research methods are still being sought that match traditional medicine, which is characterized by the provision of individualized treatment for patients.