Narrow Results

First we give a construction of a Cantor set in the unit sphere in ℂ³ the polynomial hull of which contains interior points. Such sets were known to exist in spheres in ℂ². Secondly, we construct an open connected subset of the unit sphere in ℂ³ with infinitely sheeted envelope of holomorphy.

This paper concerns the following question: given a subset $E$ of ${ℝ}^n$ with empty interior and an integrability parameter $1<p<\infty$, what is the maximal regularity $s\in ℝ$ for which there exists a non-zero distribution in the Bessel potential Sobolev space $H^{s,p}({ℝ}^n)$ that is supported in $E$? For sets of zero Lebesgue measure, we apply well-known results on set capacities from potential theory to characterize the maximal regularity in terms of the Hausdorff dimension of $E$, sharpening previous results. Furthermore, we provide a full classification of all possible maximal regularities, as functions of $p$, together with the sets of values of $p$ for which the maximal regularity is attained, and construct concrete examples for each case. Regarding sets with positive measure, for which the maximal regularity is non-negative, we present new lower bounds on the maximal Sobolev regularity supported by certain fat Cantor sets, which we obtain both by capacity-theoretic arguments, and by direct estimation of the Sobolev norms of characteristic functions. We collect several results characterizing the regularity that can be achieved on certain special classes of sets, such as $d$-sets, boundaries of open sets, and Cartesian products, of relevance for applications in differential and integral equations.