Narrow Results

This paper examines the three-dimensional flow of a bio-hybrid nanofluid through a porous rotating disk while considering the effects of linear thermal radiation and quadratic thermal radiation and examining entropy generation. The fluid enclosure with blood is taken as base fluid and silver–gold is considered as nanoparticles. The fluid flow phenomenon is characterized by nonlinear coupled differential equations involving two or more independent variables. A suitable numerical technique is used to handle the set of governing equations along with a stability and convergence analysis, followed by applying the homotopy perturbation method for solving stated equations. Through graphical illustrations, the radial and tangential velocity distributions, temperature distributions, entropy production and Bejan number are discussed graphically. The Nusselt number and friction factor results are presented and analyzed. The current finding is validated using the available data in both the numerical and homotopy perturbation methods. The results show that when heat absorption increases on blood/gold–silver hybrid nanofluid, a large heat flux develops on the revolving disk, accelerating the heat-transfer mechanism from that surface in both linear thermal radiation and quadratic thermal radiation cases. Moreover, we have seen that the entropy generation is increasing as the magnetic interaction parameter and heat absorption/generation coefficient in quadratic thermal radiation grow, in comparison with linear thermal radiation. The application of thermal radiation and entropy generation analysis is significantly used in the study of renal artery stenosis (RAS) systems and is an active area of research in the field of biomedical engineering. The model is utilized to compute entropy in physiological systems, such as cancer treatment, heat transfer in tissues, dialysis blood pump, and the efficacy of medical apparatus.

The present investigation deals with a mathematical model representing the response of heat transfer to blood streaming through the arteries under stenotic condition. The flowing blood is represented as the suspension of all erythrocytes assumed to be Casson fluid and the arterial wall is considered to be rigid having differently shaped stenoses in its lumen arising from various types of abnormal growth or plaque formation. The governing equations of motion accompanied by the appropriate choice of the boundary conditions are solved numerically by Marker and Cell (MAC) method. The necessary checking for numerical stability has been incorporated into the algorithm for better precision of the results computed. The quantitative analysis carried out finally includes the respective profiles of the flow-field and the temperature along with their individual distributions over the entire arterial segment as well. The key factors like the pressure drop, wall shear stress, flow separation, Nusselt number and streamlines are examined for qualitative insight into the blood flow and heat transport phenomena through arterial stenosis. In conformity with other several existing findings the present simulation predicts that the pressure drop and Nusselt number diminishes with increasing yield stress values, and significant enhancement in values of Nusselt number is observed with increasing severity of the stenosis. However, the effect of the shapes of the stenoses on flow separation cannot be ruled out from the present investigation.

In this paper, the effect of heat and mass transfer on particle–fluid suspension due to peristaltic motion is examined with of slip effects. The governing equations of fluid phase and particulate phase for Casson fluid model with embedded particles are interpreted under the approximation of long wavelength and neglecting the inertial forces. The obtained coupled resulting partial differential equations are solved analytically and an exact form of solutions are conferred. The impact of various sundry parameters are plotted and discussed for velocity, temperature and concentration distribution for both fluid and particle phase. Numerical solution is evaluated for pressure rise along the whole channel. The present analysis reveals various interesting behavior that warrant further analysis on various Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. In the present flow problem, the influence of slip represents opposite attitude on the walls of the channel whereas due to the impact of particle volume fractions, the velocity of the fluid diminishes along the whole length of the channel.