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Search name	Searched On	Run search
[in Journal: Asian-European Journal of Mathematics] AND [Keyword: Existence] (4)	28 Mar 2025	Run
[in Journal: Middle East Development Journal] AND [Keyword: Civil War] (1)	28 Mar 2025	Run
[in Journal: International Journal of Computational Methods] AND [Keyword: Integrity] (1)	28 Mar 2025	Run
[in Journal: Modern Physics Letters B] AND [Keyword: Existence] (1)	28 Mar 2025	Run
[in Journal: International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos] AND [Keyword: Passivity] (6)	28 Mar 2025	Run

articleNo Access
THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF PETROLEUM WEALTH: SOME POLICY ALTERNATIVES
- MICHAEL L. ROSS
Middle East Development Journal13 May 2013
Preview Abstract
Mineral wealth tends to make countries less democratic and more likely to experience a civil war. Many countries also find it hard to use their natural resource revenues to make high-quality, growth-enhancing investments. I argue that these problems are caused, in part, by the unusual qualities of resource revenues — their great size, their non-tax source, their lack of stability, and their secrecy. While there is no universal formula for changing these four qualities, I present a menu of policies that could make natural resource revenues smaller, smoother and more transparent, and hence easier for governments to invest productively.

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