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In 2021, the United Nations Committee on Development Policy adopted a resolution that Bangladesh would graduate from least developed country (LDC) status after a period of 5 years. This means that in 2026 Bangladesh would have to forego its exemption to intellectual property (IP) provisions of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Bangladesh has taken advantage of the policy space it was granted under the LDC exemption to build a generic medicines industry that not only serves Bangladesh but also other LDCs. We examine how IP provisions in the WTO will impact the price of insulin in Bangladesh and the subsequent impacts on welfare and poverty. We find that LDC graduation will trigger a significant jump in insulin prices that could cause about a 15% decline in the welfare of households in Bangladesh with one or more members living with diabetes, increasing the poverty rate of such households unless policy adjustments are carried out.

Our purpose was to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) therapy on body weight and on levels of serum insulin, c-peptide and glucose in obese women. 52 healthy women were included in this study and were allocated into three groups: 1) Placebo EA group (n = 15; mean age = 41.8 ± 4.6 and mean body mass index {BMI} = 33.2 ± 3.5); 2) EA group (n = 20; mean age = 42.1 ± 4.4 and BMI = 35.9 ± 3.6) and 3) Diet restriction group (n = 20; mean age = 42.9 ± 4.3 and BMI = 34.7 ± 2.7). EA was applied to the ear points Hunger and Shen Men on alternating days and to the body points LI 4, LI 11, St 36 and St 44 once a day for 30 minutes over 20 days. Diet restriction that entailed a 1450 kilocalorie (kcal) diet program was applied to the three groups for 20 days. An increase in weight loss was observed when weight loss in the EA group (p < 0.000) was compared to that in the diet restricted and placebo EA groups using the Tukey HSD test. There were increases in the serum insulin (p < 0.001) and c-peptide levels (p < 0.000) in the women treated with EA compared to those in the women treated with the placebo EA and diet restriction groups. A decrease was observed in the glucose levels (p < 0.01)in both the EA and diet restriction groups compared to those in the placebo EA group. Our results suggest that EA therapy is an effective method in treating obesity. EA therapy also helps serum glucose levels to decrease through the increase of serum insulin and c-peptide levels.

Alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) is a reversible condition, but it can potentiate the development of alcoholic hepatitis and even cirrhosis by increasing oxidant generation, which is one of the key pathogenic factors and could result in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Total flavonoids from Litsea coreana (TFLC), an active component extracted from Litsea coreana leve, have been shown to have therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia. The present study was to evaluate the protective effects of TFLC on alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) in rats, and investigate the potential mechanism. An AFL model in rats was established by intaking different doses of alcohol (concentration from 5% to 40%) over 12 weeks. Serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TNF-α, insulin, and glucose were measured, histopathologic changes were determined, and expression of adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) in the liver were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The results showed that treatment with TFLC resulted in decreased serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, TNF-α, glucose and insulin, as well as improved liver index. Morphological evaluation revealed rats in model group developed a severe steatosis, but the severities of liver steatosis were effectively ameliorated in TFLC (200 and 400 mg/kg) treated groups. Expression of hepatic ADRP were increased in model group, and suppressed in TFLC treated groups. These results suggest that TFLC had a protective effect on AFL rats; the mechanism may be involved in regulation serum lipid profiles via down-regulation of hepatic expression of ADRP in AFL rats.

Mathematical modeling is very helpful for noninvasive investigation of glucose-insulin interaction. In this paper, a new time-delay mathematical model is proposed for glucose-insulin endocrine metabolic regulatory feedback system incorporating the $\beta$-cell dynamic and function for regulating and maintaining bloodstream insulin level. The model includes the insulin degradation due to glucose interaction. The dynamical behavior of the model is analyzed and two-dimensional bifurcation diagrams with respect to two essential parameters of the model are obtained. The results show that the time-delay in insulin secretion in response to blood glucose level, and the delay in glucose drop due to increased insulin concentration, can give rise to complex dynamics, such as periodic oscillation. These dynamics are consistent with the biological findings and period doubling cascade and chaotic state which represent metabolic disorder that may lead to diabetes mellitus.

A mathematical model for Intra-Venous Glucose Tolerance Test (IVGTT) with explicit glucose–insulin interaction is presented as a system of delay differential equation with discrete time delays and its important mathematical features are analyzed. This model includes the positivity and boundedness of the solution. An unique equilibrium point is found and its local stability is investigated. Using the Lyapunov functional approach, we show the global stability of the unique equilibrium point. The length of delay that preserves the stability is estimated. Sensitivity analysis is performed on a delay differential equation model for IVGTT that suggests the parameter value has a major impact on the model dynamics. Numerical calculations are performed to support and elaborate the analytical findings.

Calcium (${\mathrm{\text{Ca}}}^{2+}$) signaling is reported as a critical factor in the insulin secretion mechanism of pancreatic $\beta$-cells. Further, calcium signaling also has interactions with other similar signaling systems like adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to achieve the functions of $\beta$-cells. Disturbances in any of these two interactive signaling systems can cause disorders in the secretion mechanism of insulin, leading to the onset of type-2 diabetes. Therefore, this paper presents a one-dimensional spatio-temporal mathematical model designed to explore the dynamic interactions between ATP and ${\mathrm{\text{Ca}}}^{2+}$ within a pancreatic $\beta$-cell. The model under consideration comprises a set of nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations governing the behavior of ${\mathrm{\text{Ca}}}^{2+}$ and ATP. The formulation of the initial and boundary conditions takes into account the physical and physiological factors associated with the $\beta$-cell. Further, the model also incorporates adenosine diphosphate (ADP) production due to the hydrolysis of ATP and ${\mathrm{\text{Ca}}}^{2+}$-dependent insulin secretion of the $\beta$-cell. The numerical results are acquired through the utilization of the finite element method. The time derivative terms are resolved through the utilization of the Crank–Nicolson method. The various glycemic states caused by variational impacts of system parameters are demonstrated.

Health Research at Monash University Boosted by Grants.

New Laser Research Facility in Australia.

Analysis of the Insulin Market in China.

GM Seed Piracy Widespread in Gujarat.

Tamil Nadu Decides to Build Bio-Fertilizers Bank.

Korean Shares of China’s Medical Industry.

Biotech Corn to Meet Domestic Demand.

China Takes Lead in Export of Traditional Medicines in the World.

Novo Nordisk’s Strategic Capture of China’s Insulin Market.

Intellectual Property Strategies in Security and Privacy.

Aspect Medical Systems and Brain Resource Company Partners in MCI Study.

Mesoblast and Cordis Collaborate on Adult Stem Cell Heart Trial.

Apollo Life Sciences Begins Sale of Human Cell-Expressed Proteins Globally.

Workhardt Introduces Hepatitis A Vaccine into Indian Market.

Transgene Biotek Develops Oral Delivery of Insulin and Hepatitis B Vaacine.

Japan's Bioventures Today - Peruseus Proteomics Inc.

AUSTRALIA – Mosquito Parasite Could Control Dengue

CHINA – China has Twice the Global Average of Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

CHINA – 80 000 Antibiotics Abuse-related Deaths Annually

CHINA – Bird Flu Found in Chicken from China

CHINA – China on Alert following Bird Flu Death

CHINA – Chinese Dairies to Compensate Tainted Milk Victims' Families

CHINA – New Insulin Resistance Tricks Found

CHINA – World's First Plant Chromosome Atlas

CHINA – Project Launched to Study Structure of Proteins

CHINA – Fake Diabetes Drug Linked to Two Deaths

CHINA – Birth Defects Rising in Polluted China

INDIA – India Culls Poultry in Darjeeling After Bird Flu

INDIA – India Introduces Second-Line Anti-retroviral Treatment in Eight States

INDIA – Indian Medical Tourism to Reach US$1.9 billion by 2015

INDIA – Canadian and Indian Ministers Sign Pact on Agriculture Cooperation

INDIA – 6000 year-old Rice Species Discovered in Meghalaya

INDIA – Genetics to Help Conserve Rare Bird Species

JAPAN – Coating the Protein Enhances Disease-fighting Capability

JAPAN – Scientists Isolate Genes that Made 1918 Flu Lethal

JAPAN – Researchers in Japan Develop All-round Flu Vaccine

PHILIPPINES – Ebola Reston Virus Found in Filipino Farm Worker

SINGAPORE – New Method to Create iPS Cells

SINGAPORE – Ray of Hope for Liver Cancer Sufferers

SINGAPORE – Bacteria Improve Energy and Cost Efficiency in Water Treatment

TAIWAN – Secrets of “Speciation” Gene Unravelled

TAIWAN – Initial Breakthrough in Poultry Vaccine Development

TAIWAN – Taiwan Gains Direct Access to WHO

VIETNAM – Doctors Report First Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome

VIETNAM – Public Advised Serious Caution Against Bird Flu

NORTH AMERICA – Kids of Pregnant Drinking Mums will Like Booze

NORTH AMERICA – High Functional Diversity in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Driven By Genetic Drift And Human Demography

NORTH AMERICA – Newly Discovered Tuberculosis Protein May Help Explain Bacterium's Resilience

NORTH AMERICA – U.S. Patent For Diagnostic Technology Awarded To URMC, Lighthouse Biosciences

EUROPE – Structure Mediating Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Discovered

EUROPE – New EU Pesticide Regulations Could Undermine Battle against Malaria

EUROPE – iPill – The Smart Drug Delivery that can “Call” the Doctor

EUROPE – What Drives Locusts to Swarm

Novation, Cancer Therapeutics to Jointly Develop Cancer Therapies.

Mesoblast Announces Positive Results in Bone Marrow Transplant Trial.

Mingyuan Medicare Announces Collaboration on Major Infectious Diseases Detecting Platform.

DHL Launches first Life Science & Healthcare Competence Centre in Shanghai.

Abraxis Bioscience Launches ABRAXANE for Metastatic Breast Cancer.

GSK Enters Flu-Vax JV in China.

Biocon Launches Long Lasting Basal Insulin for Type 1 & Type 2 Diabetics.

Kemwell to build Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Facility in India in Collaboration with Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany.

Hemispherx, Biken Expands Production Capacity for Swine Flu Vaccines.

D-SIMLAB Awarded S$500,000 Grant under SPRING Singapore's Technology.

GlaxoSmithKline Opens $600million Vaccine Plant.

Agilent Technologies Opens New Life Sciences Manufacturing Facility in Singapore.

Six Doctors Receive Clinician Scientist Awards.

AUSTRALIA – Silk Microchip for Rapid Medical Testing.

AUSTRALIA – New Insulin that Won't Need Cooling -a Boon for Diabetics.

AUSTRALIA – Scientists Developing Synthetic Skin.

AUSTRALIA – Australian Scientists' Lung Breakthrough.

AUSTRALIA – Aussie Scientists Find the 'Lazy' Eye Gene.

AUSTRALIA – Researchers Probe New Malaria Treatment.

AUSTRALIA – Cancer Treatment Pioneered in Melbourne being Hailed as a Global Lifesaver.

CHINA – Plastic Surgery Increasingly Popular Among Seniors.

CHINA – Scientists Develop New Nanotech Approach.

INDIA – India to Promote Biotech R&D Activities in NE States.

INDIA – India to Set Up Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research.

INDIA – Rare Ear Surgery Performed on Dubai Boy.

INDIA – Global Biotech Firms Seek Partnerships in India for Bigger Gains.

SINGAPORE – GSK, EDB to Fund S$50 mn to Support Manufacturing in Singapore.

SINGAPORE – A*STAR, UK Unite to Fight Infectious Disease.

SINGAPORE – New Treatment Option for Women Who Suffer from Incontinence.

THAILAND – Thailand Builds Capabilities in Nanotech Research.

OTHER REGIONS — NORTH AMERICA – Scientists Predict Lifespan.

OTHER REGIONS — NEW ZEALAND – Orthopedic Implants Made from Shell.

Phylogica Commences Antimicrobial Peptide Discovery under Agreement with MedImmune.

Leadtec Systems Australia to Acquire Mimotopes.

Sirnaomics Seals Deal for Development of RNAi Therapeutics in China.

Simcere and Bristol-Myers Squibb Enter Innovative Partnership to Develop Early-Stage Oncology Compound.

Pfizer, Biocon in $350 Million Insulin Pact.

Bharat Biotech Announces Launch of 'HNVAC™' India's First Cell-Culture H1N1 Swine Flu Vaccine.

Cipla Launches the World's First Generic Pirfenidone in India, Giving Hope to Sufferers of IPF (Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis).

Eisai and FORMA Therapeutics Enter into Broad Drug Discovery Collaboration.

Philips and Atom Medical Corporation Announce Strategic Alliance to Provide a Complete Neonatal and Perinatal Offering.

CiRA and France-based Cellectis Enter Collaboration.

Immunovaccine Signs Research Agreement with OncoTherapy Science to Advance Potential Cancer Vaccine.

Glycos Biotechnologies Enters Definitive Agreement with Malaysian Bio-XCell.

Biocon Plans to Invest $161m in Malaysia to Set Up R&D Unit.

Coin-sized Micro-needles Patch to deliver Insulin: An innovation by Shanghai University Scientists

Stem Cells Help Researchers Study The Effects of Pollution on Human Health

A Novel and Robust Muscle Activity Onset Detection Technique by Using an Unsupervised Electromyogram Learning Framework

Early Modern Humans and Neanderthals were close bedfellows

FANCD2 and REV1 Cooperate in the Protection of Nascent DNA Strands in Response to Replication Stress

Spiders' Foraging Strategies Have Cascading Effects on Litter Decomposition Rates

Yingli Announces Sale of 18.8 MW Solar Power Plant in the UK to NextEnergy Solar Fund

China's Award Winning Desertification Control in Kubiqi Desert

Earthquake Early Warning System for Nepal

Mechanical Coupling Mechanism of a Mechanical Force-sensing Channel Protein Discovered by IBP Scientists

Jiahui International Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital to Co-Develop Women's Health Center of Excellence in Shanghai

Big Grain1: The ‘Mr. BIG’ for Crops to Grow Bigger by Regulating Auxin Transport in Rice

When there is no Queen in the house, Asian Hive Bees Avoid Risky Foraging for Reproduction

UNICEF HK joins hands with Government to help Mothers sustain Breastfeeding

Fresenius Medical Care Springs into Action after Deadly Tianjin Explosion

SINGAPORE – A*STAR Scientists Reveal How Stem Cells Defend Against Viruses: New Insights to the Mechanisms bring Broad Implications to Stem Cell Therapy and Disease Diagnosis

SINGAPORE – Singtel - Singapore Cancer Society Race against Cancer 2015

SINGAPORE – NCCS and IMCB to Collaborate on Research for New Treatments to Benefit Cancer Patients

SINGAPORE – MerLion’s Finafloxacin Shown to be More Efficacious than Ciprofloxacin in the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections

TAIWAN AND UNITED STATES – Professor Yuk-ling Yung Receives Gerard P. Kuiper Prize

SWEDEN – New Data Confirm Tresiba^® U200 Delivers Significantly Lower Rates of Confirmed Hypoglycaemia versus Insulin Glargine U100

UNITED KINGDOM – Using Ultrasound to Clean Medical Instruments

THE NETHERLANDS & UNITED STATES – Philips and Dutch Radboud University Medical Centre Introduce First Diabetes Prototype App with Integrated Online Community to Empower Patients and Enhance Continuity of Care

UNITED STATES – New Clinical Architecture Content Cloud Establishes Reliable Single Source for Terminology Updates, Makes It Easier to Keep Healthcare Systems Up-to-Date

UNITED STATES – Genomic Analysis for All Cancer Patients

UNITED STATES – Birds That Eat at Feeders Are More Likely to Get Sick, Spread Disease, International Research Team Says

Understanding Diabetes

Prediabetes: The Gap between the Onset of Disease and Initiation of Treatment.

Diabetes: A Dietitian’s Perspective.

Use of Modelling for Better Diabetes Care.

No More Highs and Lows with Toujeo®: A New and Improved Insulin Injection.

ATOZET® a New Combination Treatment Option for High-Risk Patients to Lower LDL Cholesterol, is Now Approved in Singapore.

ASEAN+ Rare Disease Network Established.

Luye Medical Joins Forces with OncoCare To Expand Its Integrated Healthcare Services Platform for Their Patients.

NUS Pharmacy Team Develops Online “Calculator” to Predict Risk of Early Hospital Readmission.

The Bare Essentials: Ensuring Affordable Access to Insulin.

AstraZeneca’s CVD-REAL Study Shows SGLT-2 Inhibitors Significantly Reduced Death and Hospitalisations for Heart Failure Versus Other Type-2 Diabetes Medicines.

SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences English Edition Publishes Domestic Type 2 Diabetes Research Findings.

Omega-3 Therapy May Help Reverse Type 1 Diabetes.

New Plastic-Eating Fungus May Solve Garbage Problem.

Chinese Researchers Reveal How Cells Prevent Viral Invasion.

Scientists Unlock TCM Drug’s Role in Weight Loss.

Medical Reforms in Beijing.

East China’s Anhui Province Innovates Advanced Technology.

DeltaHealth and Harvard Global Health Institute Hold Symposium.

HONG KONG News – HKSTP Welcomes Maz World to Hong Kong’s Vibrant Ecosystem to Commercialise Revolutionary Ostrich Antibody Technology from Japan

Mab-Venture Biopharma & Thermo Fisher Establish Asia Pacific’s First “SmartFactory” for Antibody Drugs.

Venus Medtech’s TAVR Device Is Approved By CFDA, Creating A New Era of Interventional Cardiology in China.

Key Diabetes Receptor Structure Determined by International Collaboration.

China Sets Up National Lab Developing Brain-Like AI Technology.

Chinese Scientists Realize On-site Drug Detection.

Scientists Map Single-Copy HIV-1 Provirus Loci in Human Chromosomes in Live Host Cells.

Gene Variant Explains Differences in Blood Fatty Acid Levels.

Scientists Illustrate How Host Cell Responds to Zika Virus Infection.

Hong Kong News – Uni-Bio Science Launches Best-in-Class Oral Anti-Diabetic Drug Mitiglinide Branded “博康泰^®”(Bokangtai).

Keep the weight off, keep diabetes at bay

Tackling obesity in ASEAN