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Optimized geometry structures, total energies, infrared spectra, thermodynamics parameters of lanthanide hydrides and the reaction between lanthanide atom and hydrogen atom are studied use effective core potentials. Results indicate that lanthanide contract phenomenon are effected the bond lengths of lanthanide hydride. Most of lanthanide hydride will release heat (except for monohydrides of Tm and Yb) in the reaction. All of the calculated vibrating frequencies of lanthanide hydrides are positive. Most of the trihydride are stable than dihydride except for Yb. Bond orbits in lanthanide hydrides are mainly contributed by s and d compounds, there are much more f compound in lanthanide trihydride molecular.