Narrow Results

The objective of this study is to determine the irreversible losses and associated entropy generation within a fluid system, considering the combined effects of magnetic field, convective boundaries, and porous media. It accomplishes this objective by a thorough investigation into the second law analysis and entropy generation of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Eyring–Powell fluid flowing through a symmetric porous medium. To achieve this, the governing equations for the Eyring–Powell fluid are formulated using the conservation laws of mass, momentum, and energy, while incorporating the magnetic field’s effects. In order to account for the porous character of the medium, the equations are coupled with the Darcy model. Using appropriate computational techniques, the resulting system of partial differential equations is numerically solved. The local irreversibility ratio calculates the system’s entropy generation number, revealing its distribution. The Hartmann number and Eyring–Powell fluid parameters are also studied. The primary findings indicate that $A^{\ast }$ enhances velocity and diminishes temperature and entropy, while $B^{\ast }$ has the opposite effect. Entropy is also increased by Hartmann and Brinkman numbers, which are a result of the enhanced heat transfer and stronger magnetic fields. The findings emphasize the need and importance of studying irreversible losses and improving fluid system energy efficiency.

During the cancer treatment, one of the successful methods is to inject the blood vessels which are closest to the tumor with magnetic nanoparticles along with placing a magnet nearer to the tumor. The dynamics of these nanoparticles may happen under the action of the peristaltic waves generated on the walls of tapered asymmetric channel. Analyzing this type of nanofluid flow under such action may highly be supportive in treating cancer tissues. In this study, a newly described peristaltic transport of Carreau nanofluids under the effect of a magnetic field in the tapered asymmetric channel are analytically investigated. Exact expressions for temperature field, nanoparticle fraction field, axial velocity, stream function, pressure gradient and shear stress are derived under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. Finally, the effects of various emerging parameters on the physical quantities of interest are discussed. It is found that the pressure rise increases with increase in Hartmann Number and thermophoresis parameter.

The peristaltic flow of a carbon nanotubes (CNTs) water fluid investigate the effects of heat generation and magnetic field in permeable vertical diverging tube is studied. The mathematical formulation is presented, the resulting equations are solved exactly. The obtained expressions for pressure gradient, pressure rise, temperature, velocity profile are described through graphs for various pertinent parameters. The streamlines are drawn for some physical quantities to discuss the trapping phenomenon. It is observed that pressure gradient profile is decreasing by increase of Darcy number $D_a$ because Darcy number is due to porous permeable walls of the tube and when walls are porous fluid cannot easily flow in tube, so that will decrease the pressure gradient.

The migration of Red Blood Cells (RBCs) from the wall towards the center of a narrow vessel is the result of the Fahraeus–Lindqvist effect which contemplates the dependence of viscosity and diameter. The kinetic theory explains the formation of the near-wall cell-depleted layer introducing the granular temperature that is defined as the mean square of RBCs fluctuations. The proposed mathematical model elucidates the effect of an externally applied magnetic field on the velocity and granular temperature of RBCs in a microvasculature. The effect of the volume fraction of RBCs on the velocity and granular temperature profiles is also presented and discussed. Based on the insight of the kinetic theory, the application of a stronger static magnetic field probably leads to a restriction of the migration process of RBCs towards the center of the microvessel.