Narrow Results

We study the existence of relations between the degrees of the knot polynomials and some classical knot invariants, partially confirming and extending the question of Morton on the skein polynomial and a recent question of Ferrand.

Kawakubo and Uchida showed that, if a closed oriented 4k-dimensional manifold M admits a semi-free circle action such that the dimension of the fixed point set is less than 2k, then the signature of M vanishes. In this note, by using G-signature theorem and the rigidity of the signature operator, we generalize this result to more general circle actions. Combining the same idea with the remarkable Witten–Taubes–Bott rigidity theorem, we explore more vanishing results on spin manifolds admitting such circle actions. Our results are closely related to some earlier results of Conner–Floyd, Landweber–Stong and Hirzebruch–Slodowy.

We provide linear lower bounds for the signature of positive braids in terms of the three-genus of their braid closure. This yields linear bounds for the topological slice genus of knots that arise as closures of positive braids.

Kodaira fibrations are surfaces of general type with a non-isotrivial fibration, which are differentiable fiber bundles. They are known to have positive signature divisible by $4$. Examples are known only with signature 16 and more. We review approaches to construct examples of low signature which admit two independent fibrations. Special attention is paid to ramified covers of product of curves which we analyze by studying the monodromy action for bundles of punctured curves. As a by-product, we obtain a classification of all fix-point-free automorphisms on curves of genus at most $9$.

We extend the Gordon–Litherland pairing to links in thickened surfaces, and use it to define signature, determinant and nullity invariants for links that bound (unoriented) spanning surfaces. The invariants are seen to depend only on the $S^{\ast }$-equivalence class of the spanning surface. We prove a duality result relating the invariants from one $S^{\ast }$-equivalence class of spanning surfaces to the restricted invariants of the other. Using Kuperberg’s theorem, these invariants give rise to well-defined invariants of checkerboard colorable virtual links. The determinants can be applied to determine the minimal support genus of a checkerboard colorable virtual link. The duality result leads to a simple algorithm for computing the invariants from the Tait graph associated to a checkerboard coloring. We show these invariants simultaneously generalize the combinatorial invariants defined by Im, Lee and Lee, and those defined by Boden, Chrisman and Gaudreau for almost classical links. We examine the behavior of the invariants under orientation reversal, mirror symmetry and crossing change. We give a 4-dimensional interpretation of the Gordon–Litherland pairing by relating it to the intersection form on the relative homology of certain double branched covers. This correspondence is made explicit through the use of virtual linking matrices associated to (virtual) spanning surfaces and their associated (virtual) Kirby diagrams.

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a non-empty, finite graph. If the vertices of G can be bijectively labeled by a set S of positive distinct real numbers with two vertices being adjacent if and only if the positive difference of the corresponding labels is in S, then G is called a proper monograph. The set S is called the signature of G and denoted as G(S). Not all proper monographs have the property that a set of idle vertices can be bijectively mapped to the maximum independent sets. As a result, in this paper, we present the proper monograph labelings of several classes of graphs that satisfy the property mentioned above. We present the proper monograph labelings of graphs such as cycles, $C_n\odot K_1$, cycles with paths attached to one or more vertices, and Cycles with an irreducible tree attached to one or more vertices.