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Recent results have shown that sodium-ion batteries complement lithium-ion batteries well because of the low cost and abundance of sodium resources. Hard carbon is believed to be the most promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries due to the expanded graphene interlayers, suitable working voltage and relatively low cost. However, the low initial coulombic efficiency and rate performance still remains challenging. The focus of this review is to give a summary of the recent progresses on hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries including the impact of the uniqueness of carbon precursors and strategies to improve the performance of hard carbon, and highlight the advantages and performances of the hard carbon. Additionally, the current problems of hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries and some challenges and perspectives on designing better hard-carbon anode materials are also provided.

Since the 20th century, with the development and progression of the science and technology, the ability of human transforming natural has been improving, at the same time, constantly, human are destroying the ecological environment increasingly also. The ecological environment problems have become the severe challenges of human facing. In modern times, all countries in the world began to realize deeply the significance of the protecting and improving the ecological environment, and have been exploring and putting forward sustainable development view in the constant practice. Humans began to realize that if we effectively protect the ecological environment, we must implement the sustainable development view. In the process of socialist modernization construction, there are many serious problems of the ecological environment in China, the party and the government of China is leading the Chinese people' to explore industriously the socialism path of the ecological environment instruction with Chinese characteristics, and has achieved significant results.