Narrow Results

Based on the observation that for an entangled-particles system, the physical meaning of the Wigner distribution function should lie in that its marginal distributions would give the probability of finding the particles in an entangled way, we establish a tomography theory for the Wigner function of tripartite entangled systems. The newly constructed tripartite entangled state representation of the three-mode Wigner operator plays a central role in realizing this goal.

We review how to rely on the quantum entanglement idea of Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen and the developed Dirac's symbolic method to set up two kinds of entangled state representations for describing the motion and states of an electron in uniform magnetic field. The entangled states can be employed for conveniently expressing Landau wave function and Laughlin wave function with a fresh look. We analyze the entanglement involved in electron's coordinates (or momenta) eigenstates, and in the angular momentum-orbit radius entangled state. Various applications of these two representations, such as in developing angular momentum theory, squeezing mechanism, Wigner function and tomography theory for this system are presented. Thus the present review systematically summarizes a distinct approach for tackling this physical system.

A method for increasing the specificity of an MR image using noise correlation measurements is presented. From an MR image different regions within the body are identified based on contrast. Noise signals measured at the ports of the experimental setup are functions of the conductivity at each region and the sensitivity map of the field probes. For a simulated sensitivity map, the ratio of conductivities of two regions of a phantom containing saline and distilled water was determined from the measured noise correlation at the ports.