Narrow Results

Real estate investment trade (REIT) memory as illustrated by variations including their Greeks tend to vary during the [0;$-$32] window of portfolio formation, i.e. acquisitions. This is partly due to acquisition activities and intensity which tend to be “higher” during the time to expiration. Prior REIT studies explored variances based on long-term measures without focusing on the discrete nature of variations. This article, empirically presents discrete variations at different points in time. Results illustrate that memory decreases as time to expiration approaches maturity. Given high intensity during acquisitions, one infers that memory illustrated in this paper is likely to be optimal one.

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• MEASURES OF CENTRAL TENDENCY
  • The Arithmetic Mean
  • The Geometric Mean
  • The Median
  • The Mode³

• MEASURES OF DISPERSION
  • The Variance and the Standard Deviation
  • The Mean Absolute Deviation
  • The Range
  • The Coefficient of Variation

• MEASURES OF RELATIVE POSITION
  • Percentiles, Quartiles, and Interquartile Range
  • Box and Whisker Plots: Graphical Descriptions Based on Quartiles
  • Z Scores

• MEASURES OF SHAPE
  • Skewness
  • Kurtosis

• CALCULATING CERTAIN SUMMARY MEASURES FROM GROUPED DATA (Optional)
  • The Mean
  • The Median
  • The Mode
  • Variance and Standard Deviation
  • Percentiles

• APPLICATIONS
  • Statistical Analysis of a Soda Survey
  • Stock Rates of Return for GM, Ford, and the Market
  • 3-Month Treasury Bill Rate and Prime Rate
  • GNP, Personal Consumption, and Disposable Income

• Summary

• Appendix 4A Short-Cut Formulas for Calculating Variance and Standard Deviation

• Appendix 4B Short-Cut Formulas for Calculating Group Variance and Standard Deviation

• Appendix 4C Financial Ratio Analysis for Three Auto Firms
  • Current Ratio
  • Inventory Turnover Ratio
  • Total Debt/Total Asset Ratio
  • Net Profit Margin
  • Return on Total Assets
  • Price/Earnings (P/E) Ratios
  • Payout Ratio

• Questions and Problems

• Project I Project for Descriptive Statistics

The following sections are included:

• PROBABILITY
• EXPECTATIONS
• DISTRIBUTIONS
• STATISTICAL ESTIMATION
• STATISTICAL TESTING
• DATA TYPES
• PROBLEM SET
• FURTHER RECOMMENDED READINGS