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Lateral epicondylitis (LE) is a common condition characterized by pain in the lateral side of the elbow with tenderness on lateral epicondyle, caused by repetetive overuse of extensor muscles of the wrist. Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is used in musculoskeletal problems with the possible mechanism of action including hyperstimulation analgesia, neovascularization and induction of healing process. LE generally responds well to conservative treatment. One of the widely used and accepted terms of treatment for LE is physical therapy (PT). In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of ESWT for LE treatment with conventional therapy modalities. This is a prospective randomized study with 73 patients with elbow pain and otherwise healthy, diagnosed as LE. Patients were randomized to two groups to receive either ESWT weekly for 3 weeks or PT for 10 days. Our analysis revealed similar treatment success rates for both groups in many of the evaluation parameters. As a result of our study we were unable to display a major difference between the short-term outcome for two options. However, ESWT still has the advantage of being less time consuming for both the patient and the doctor, an important parameter we believe.

Background: Oxford Elbow Score, abbreviated OES, is a tool used for measurement of a patient’s experience post elbow surgery. The tool is formulated as a questionnaire. OES has three subscales: pain, elbow function and social-psychological effects. The patient may complete the questionnaire and the results used as an outcome measure post elbow surgery. Objectives: The study aims to develop and evaluate the Arabic version of the OES for reliability, validity concerning patients after elbow trauma and surgery. Material and Methods: Fifty two patients participated in this survey at the baseline (14 days after the operation) and follow-up (after 60 days). We calculated internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha. Also, Pearson’s correlation was calculated for construct validity verification. Results: The values for Cronbach’s alpha for psychological, function and pain subscales were 0.701, 0.704 and 0.779, respectively. Cronbach’s alpha for the questionnaire had a value of 0.743. We confirmed construct validity using correlation coefficients of values $-0.820$, $-0.750$ and $-0.800$ as compared to DASH. Conclusion: The Arabic OES is an internal consistent tool with good construct validity, which can be used to estimate the patient’s condition after the elbow surgery.

Purpose: Thrower’s Elbow (TE) is an overuse injury of the medial elbow in pediatric, throwing athletes. The purpose of this study is to report the outcomes of TE in pediatric, throwing athletes.

Methods: Between 1996 and 2018, 30 athletes at an average of 12.2 years old (range: 7.9 to 15.4 years old) were treated for TE. Demographic, radiographic, and treatment variables were recorded. Outcome measures included return to original position, inability to return to sport, surgery, premature physeal arrest, and recurrence of elbow pain.

Results: Prior to their initial presentation, 25 athletes (25/30, 86%) stated they continued to throw despite arm fatigue/pain. At an average follow-up of 26 months (range: 6 months to 122 months), 22 athletes (22/30, 73%) returned to their original position at an average five months from their initial presentation. Recurrence of elbow pain occurred in 27 athletes (27/30, 90%). No athletes had premature physeal arrest of the medial epicondyle.

Conclusions: The majority of athletes with TE returned to their original position or sport after initial treatment, but 90% of those athletes developed recurrent pain. It is important to educate athletes about overuse throwing injuries and prevention by adhering to established guidelines.