International Journal of Modern Physics A

Background reasoning is given for our recent prediction that KNO scaling does not obtain for e⁺–e⁻ two-jet events.

We present the gauge invariant actions for all free, open and closed (super-) string models, using the differential form formalism. The ghost-for-ghost procedure in the BRS framework is established and leads to the rule for counting the physical degrees of freedom in the free string field theories.

The bilocal vertex is constructed which may be an off-shell vertex of scalar particle. This vertex consists of spinning operators of the Ashkin-Teller model and their ghost partners.

We derive formulas describing the induced production of bosons via fireball emissions. If the fireball volume is large, induced emission is unimportant and we get back to the usual independent emission model. Induced emission due to the Bose-Einstein statistical nature of bosons is however very important for small fireballs, from which we obtain greatly enhanced production rates and very unusual charge distributions. This can explain the cosmic ray Centauro events if the fireball has an energy density of the order of 1 TeV/(fm)³. We suggest that this density may be feasible if preons do exist.

Soft hadron-collision processes at high energies are considered, under the assumption that gluon interactions are short-ranged and that the rules of the 1/N_c expansion are fulfilled. It is shown, that these considerations lead to the scheme of the additive quark model with some relatively large additional effects of colour screening. This colour screening is responsible for the unnatural breaking of the Levin-Frankfurt condition¹ and also for the effective increase of cross sections for hadron-nucleus interactions² if quark bags in nuclei exist, The formation mechanism of fragmentational particles is considered in multiple hadron-production processes.

A systematic discussion of two mechanisms of discrete symmetry for stabilizing the proton in SU(N) GUTs is presented. The phenomenology of this kind of GUTs with a stable proton is analysed. We find that such GUTs predict observable B, L nonconservation such as, oscillation with a lifetime sec., e⁺e⁻→n+ missing energy, missing energy, etc. We also point out the possibility of observing some unexpected events predicted by such GUTs at SPS energies.

We consider the gravitational field of a point mass and show that the application of the uncertainty principle leads to (i) an uncertainty relation for the metric and its conjugate momentum and (ii) finite fluctuations of the light-cone at the event horizon.