International Journal of Modern Physics A

In recent years, there have been impressive advances in the technology of cameras using charged coupled devices (CCD's) and electron multiplying charged coupled devices (EMCCD's) that make possible a number of applications for the detection of ionizing radiation. The new cameras have quantum efficiencies exceeding 90%, effective noise levels less than one electron per pixel, and can be made to detect light ranging from the ultraviolet to the infrared. When combined with photomultiplier tubes (PMT's), and when used with Time-Projection-Chambers (TPC's) that contain narrow gap mesh charge amplification stages and scintillating gas compositions, these cameras can be used to provide three-dimensional images of particle tracks. There are many applications for such devices, including direction sensitive searches for dark matter, measurements of thermal and fast neutrons, and searches for double-beta-decay. I will describe the operation of optical TPC's and their various applications in this review article.

We continue our exploration of whether the flyby anomalies can be explained by scattering of spacecraft nucleons from dark matter gravitationally bound to the earth. We formulate and analyze a simple model in which inelastic and elastic scatterers populate shells generated by the precession of circular orbits with normals tilted with respect to the earth's axis. Good fits to the data published by Anderson et al. are obtained.

There are three possible types of particle colliders schemes: familiar (well-known) ring–ring colliders, less familiar but sufficiently advanced linear colliders, and less familiar and less advanced linac–ring-type colliders. The aim of this paper is twofold: to present a possibly complete list of papers on linac–ring-type collider proposals and to emphasize the role of linac–ring-type machines for future HEP research.

We investigate the gauge dynamics of nonsupersymmetric SU(N) gauge theories featuring the simultaneous presence of fermionic matter transforming according to two distinct representations of the underlying gauge group. We bound the regions of flavors and colors which can yield a physical infrared fixed point. As a consistency check we recover the previously investigated bounds of the conformal windows when restricting to a single matter representation. The earlier conformal windows can be imagined to be part now of the new conformal house. We predict the nonperturbative anomalous dimensions at the infrared fixed points. We further investigate the effects of adding mass terms to the condensates on the conformal house chiral dynamics and construct the simplest instanton induced effective Lagrangian terms.

We calculate the interaction 3-vertex of two massless spin-3 particles with a graviton using vertex operators for spin-3 fields in open string theory, constructed in our previous work. The massless spin-3 fields are shown to interact with the graviton through the linearized Weyl tensor, reproducing the result by Boulanger, Leclercq and Sundell. This is consistent with the general structure of the non-Abelian 2-s-s couplings, implying that the minimal number of space–time derivatives in the interaction vertices of two spin-s and one spin-2 particle is equal to 2s-2.

We propose a correspondence between strings with cusps which approach the boundary in AdS and energetic partons in the dual gauge theory on S³. In particular, the momenta of individual quanta on S³ are identified with certain collective coordinates associated with the cusps. We check the correspondence by studying the known exact string solutions, as well as a large class of approximate solutions, in the limit of large AdS angular momentum.

In this work, we consider the Universe is being filled with matter composed of a chameleon-type dark energy scalar field. Employing a particular form of potential, we discuss the field's role in the accelerating phase of the Universe for an anisotropic model using the logamediate and intermediate forms of scale factors. The natures of statefinder and slow-roll parameters are discussed diagrammatically.