International Journal of Modern Physics A

We perform a detailed analysis of black hole solutions in supergravity models. After a general introduction on black holes in general relativity and supersymmetric theories, we provide a detailed description of ungauged extended supergravities and their dualities. Therefore, we analyze the general form of black hole configurations for these models, their near-horizon behavior and characteristic of the solution. An explicit construction of a black hole solution with its physical implications is given for the STU-model. The second part of this review is dedicated to gauged supergravity theories. We describe a step-by-step gauging procedure involving the embedding tensor formalism to be used to obtain a gauged model starting from an ungauged one. Finally, we analyze general black hole solutions in gauged models, providing an explicit example for the ${𝒩}=2$, $D=4$ case. A brief review on special geometry is also provided, with explicit results and relations for supersymmetric black hole solutions.

The many ways in which machine and deep learning are transforming the analysis and simulation of data in particle physics are reviewed. The main methods based on boosted decision trees and various types of neural networks are introduced, and cutting-edge applications in the experimental and theoretical/phenomenological domains are highlighted. After describing the challenges in the application of these novel analysis techniques, the review concludes by discussing the interactions between physics and machine learning as a two-way street enriching both disciplines and helping to meet the present and future challenges of data-intensive science at the energy and intensity frontiers.

In this paper, we investigate the effect of quantum corrections on the thermodynamics of AdS black hole in massive gravity. We compute the leading order corrections to the entropy of AdS black hole and then plot the entropy as a function of event horizon radius so as to have a comparative analysis between the corrected and the uncorrected entropy densities. Furthermore, we also evaluate the first-order leading corrections to other thermodynamic quantities like free energy, internal energy, pressure, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy and later plot these quantities against event horizon radius for different values of correction parameter in order to have a qualitative picture of the effect that quantum corrections lead to the thermodynamics of massive AdS black hole.

The phase structure of charged anti-de Sitter black hole in massive gravity is investigated using the unstable circular photon orbits formalism, concretely we establish a direct link between the null geodesics and the critical behavior thermodynamic of such black hole solution. Our analysis reveals that the radius and the impact parameter corresponding to the unstable circular orbits can be used to probe the thermodynamic phase structure. We also show that the latter are key quantities to characterize the order of Van der Waals-like phase transition. Namely, we found a critical exponent around $\delta =1/2$. All these results support further that the photon trajectories can be used as a useful and crucial tool to probe the thermodynamic black holes criticality.

We derive the holonomic hypergeometric system for the $C_0$ function with two equal virtual masses, and present the expression of $C_0$ in hypergeometric series in corresponding convergent region. Combining the Horn’s convergence theory with Gröbner basis of polynomial ideal, one can calculate the convergence region of the corresponding multiple series concretely. Using the system given here, one can analytically continue $C_0$ to whole parameter space.

In this paper we discuss gauging one-form symmetries in two-dimensional theories. The existence of a global one-form symmetry in two dimensions typically signals a violation of cluster decomposition — an issue resolved by the observation that such theories decompose into disjoint unions, a result that has been applied to, for example, Gromov–Witten theory and gauged linear sigma model phases. In this paper we describe how gauging one-form symmetries in two-dimensional theories can be used to select particular elements of that disjoint union, effectively undoing decomposition. We examine such gaugings explicitly in examples involving orbifolds, nonsupersymmetric pure Yang–Mills theories, and supersymmetric gauge theories in two dimensions. Along the way, we learn explicit concrete details of the topological configurations that path integrals sum over when gauging a one-form symmetry, and we also uncover “hidden” one-form symmetries.

Given the $\beta$ functions of the closed string sigma model up to one loop in ${\alpha }^{\prime }$, the effective action implements the condition $\beta =0$ to preserve conformal symmetry at quantum level. One of the more powerful and striking results of string theory is that this effective action contains Einstein gravity as an emergent dynamics in space–time. We show from the $\beta$ functions and its relation with the equations of motion of the effective action that the differential identities are the Noether identities associated with the effective action and its gauge symmetries. From here, we reconstruct the gauge and space–time symmetries of the effective action. In turn, we can show that the differential identities are the contracted Bianchi identities of the field strength $H$ and Riemann tensor $R$. Next, we apply the same ideas to DFT. Taking as starting point that the generalized $\beta$ functions in DFT are proportional to the equations of motion, we construct the generalized differential identities in DFT. Relating the Noether identities with the contracted Bianchi identities of DFT, we were able to reconstruct the generalized gauge and space–time symmetries. Finally, we recover the original $\beta$ functions, effective action, differential identities, and symmetries when we turn off the $\tilde{x}$ space–time coordinates from DFT.

Considerable information has been obtained about neutrino mixing matrix. Present data show that in the particle data group (PDG) parametrization, the 2–3 mixing angle and the CP violating phase are consistent with ${𝜃}_{23}=\pi /4$ and ${\delta }_{\mathrm{\text{PDG}}}=-\pi /2$, respectively. A lot of efforts have been devoted to constructing models in realizing a mixing matrix with these values. However, the particular angles and phase are parametrization convention dependent. The meaning about the specific values for mixing angle and phase needs to be clarified. Using the well-known nine independent ways of parametrizing the mixing matrix, we show in detail how the mixing angles and phase change with conventions even with the 2–3 mixing angle to be $\pi /4$ and the CP violating phase to be $-\pi /2$. The original Kobayashi–Maskawa and an additional one belong to such a category. The other 6 parametrizations have mixing angles and phase very different values from those in the PDG parametrization although the physical effects are the same. Therefore one should give the specific parametrization convention when making statements about values for mixing angles and phase.

Using previously described functional techniques for some nonperturbative, gauge invariant, renormalized QCD processes, a simplified version of the amplitudes — in which forms akin to Pomerons naturally appear — can reproduce interesting qualitative features of ISR and LHC–TOTEM $pp$ elastic scattering data. Those amplitudes rely on a specific function $\phi (\overrightarrow{b})$ which describes the fluctuations of the transverse position of quarks inside hadrons.

We study Crofton’s formula in the Lorentzian AdS₃ and find that the area of a generic spacelike two-dimensional surface is given by the flux of spacelike geodesics. The “complexity=volume” conjecture then implies a new holographic representation of complexity in terms of the number of geodesics. Finally, we explore the possible explanation of this result from the standpoint of information theory.

The aim of this study is twofold. First, we use a new approach to study the homothetic vector fields (HVFs) of static plane symmetric space–times by an algorithm which we have developed using the Maple platform. The interesting feature of this algorithm is that it provides the most general form of metrics admitting HVFs as compared to those obtained in an earlier study where direct integration techniques were used. Second, the obtained metrics are used in Einstein’s field equations to compute the energy–momentum tensor and it is shown how the parameters involved in the obtained space–time metrics are associated with certain important energy conditions.

In this work, a new class of slowly rotating black hole solutions in dilaton gravity has been obtained where dilaton field is coupled with nonlinear Maxwell invariant. The background space–time is a stationary axisymmetric geometry. Here, it has been shown that the dilaton potential can be written in the form of generalized three Liouville-type potentials. In the presence of these three Liouville-type dilaton potentials, the asymptotic behavior of the obtained solutions is neither flat nor (A)dS. One bizarre property of the electric field is that the electric field goes to zero when $r\to 0$ and diverges at $r\to \infty$. We show the validity of the first law of thermodynamics in thermodynamic investigations. The local and global thermodynamical stability are investigated through the use of heat capacity and Gibbs free energy. Also, the bounded, phase transition and the Hawking–Page phase transition points as well as the ranges of black hole stability have been shown in the corresponding diagrams. From these diagrams, we can say that the presence of the dilaton field makes the solutions to be locally stable near origin and vanishes the global stability of our solutions. In final thermodynamics analysis, we obtain the Smarr formula for our solution. We will show that the presence of dilaton field brings a new term in the Smarr formula. Also, we find that the dilaton field makes the black hole (AdS) mass to decrease for every fix values of $S$ (entropy).

We calculate the $a_1$-meson-nucleon ($\mathrm{\Delta }$-baryon) coupling constant in the framework of soft-wall and hard-wall AdS/QCD models. Interaction Lagrangian in the bulk of AdS space was written for a minimal gauge coupling, a magnetic type coupling and a triple coupling of bulk fields. Applying AdS/CFT correspondence from the bulk interaction Lagrangian, we obtain holographic expressions for the $a_1$-axial-vector meson-nucleon ($\mathrm{\Delta }$-baryon) coupling constant in the boundary QCD theory. Numerical results for the $g_{a_{1}NN}$ coupling constant in the framework of both models are close to the known phenomenological estimates. The $g_{a_1\mathrm{\Delta }\mathrm{\Delta }}$-axial-vector meson-$\mathrm{\Delta }$-baryon coupling constant was considered in the framework of hard-wall model.