International Journal of Modern Physics E

The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a general purpose high energy particle detector which was successfully deployed on the International Space Station (ISS) on May 19, 2011 to conduct a unique long duration mission of fundamental physics research in space. Among the physics objectives of AMS are the searches for an understanding of Dark Matter, Anti-matter, the origin of cosmic rays and the exploration of new physics phenomena not possible to study with ground based experiments. This paper reviews the layout of the AMS-02 detector, tests and calibrations performed with the detector on the ground, and its performance on the ISS illustrated with data collected during the first year of operations in space.

The past 50 years have seen the emergence of a new field of research in physics, the study of matter at extreme temperatures and densities. The theory of strong interactions, quantum chromodynamics (QCD), predicts that in this limit, matter will become a plasma of deconfined quarks and gluons — the medium which made up the early universe in the first 10 microseconds after the Big Bang. High energy nuclear collisions are expected to produce short-lived bubbles of such a medium in the laboratory. I survey the merger of statistical QCD and nuclear collision studies for the analysis of strongly interacting matter in theory and experiment.

Using the isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics model, we study the phase space distribution of the nucleons coming from participant matter that are contributing in flow. The distribution of nucleons and fragments is not symmetric around the beam axis. Our study shows that the nucleon which suffer maximum number of collisions are contributing in anisotropic flow.

In this research, the ground state gamma ray bands of even ^114-124Cd isotopes are calculated using interacting boson model (IBM-1). The theoretical energy levels for Z = 48, N = 66–76 up to spin-parity 8⁺ have been obtained by using PHINT computer program. The values of the parameters in the IBM-1 Hamiltonian yield the best fit to the experimental energy spectrum. The calculated results of the ground state energy band are compared to the previous experimental results and the obtained theoretical calculations in IBM-1 are in good agreement with the experimental energy level.

The partition of the total excitation energy between the fission fragments for the n_th+²³⁵U and n(E_n = 5.55 MeV)+²³⁵U fission reactions are analyzed with the experimental data available. Our results show that the total excitation energy is not shared by the fragments in proportion of their masses but support the so-called energy sorting-mechanism. The temperature of the heavy fragment is generally lower than that of the light one when the shell effect does not play a strong role. As soon as the mass of heavy fragment closes to 132, its temperature becomes higher than the complementary light one because of strong shell effect. Our results also show that the heavy fragments gain more energy than the complementary light ones when the incident neutron energy increases.

Densities from relativistic mean field calculations are applied to construct the optical potential and, hence calculate the endpoint of the rapid proton capture (rp) process. Mass values are taken from a new phenomenological mass formula. Endpoints are calculated for different temperature-density profiles of various X-ray bursters. We find that the rp process can produce significant quantities of nuclei upto around mass 95. Our results differ from existing works to some extent.

Measurements of CP violation (CPV) and the basic δ_CP parameter are the goals of the LBNE Project, which is being planned. Using the expected energy and baseline parameters for the LBNE Project, CPV and the dependence of CPV on δ_CP are estimated, to help in the planning of this project.