International Journal of Modern Physics E

We review the current status of the study of parity and time invariance violation in atoms, nuclei and molecules. We focus on parity nonconservation (PNC) in cesium (CS) and three of the most promising areas of research: (i) PNC in a chain of isotopes, (ii) search for nuclear anapole moments, and (iii) search for permanent electric dipole moments (EDMs) of atoms and molecules, which in turn are caused by either an electron EDM or nuclear T, P-odd moments such as a nuclear EDM or nuclear Schiff moment.

After some short introductory remarks on particular issues on the vector mesons in nuclei, in this paper, we present a short review of recent developments concerning the interaction of vector mesons with baryons and with nuclei from a modern perspective using the local hidden gauge formalism for the interaction of vector mesons. We present results for the vector–baryon interaction and in particular for the resonances which appear as composite states, dynamically generated from the interaction of vector mesons with baryons, taking also the mixing of these states with pseudoscalars and baryons into account. We then venture into the charm sector, reporting on hidden charm baryon states around 4400 MeV, generated from the interaction of vector mesons and baryons with charm, which have a strong repercussion on the properties of the J/ΨN interaction. We also address the interaction of K* with nuclei and make suggestions to measure the predicted huge width in the medium by means of transparency ratio. The formalism is extended to study the phenomenon of J/ψ suppression in nuclei via J/ψ photo-production reactions.

This paper presents results of the application Monte Carlo method to analyze data from the interaction of deuteron beams with metallic targets saturated with deuterium. The SRIM software was used to generate energy spectrum of ions passing the target. These spectra were used to calculate the neutron yields from dd reactions in energy range 7–12 keV of incident deuteron beams. The calculated outputs were compared with the experimental data for the determination of the electron screening potential for dd reactions. The calculations were performed using two different values of the beam energy spread (FWHM) equal 1% and 16%. It was shown that plasma beams with a relatively high spread (16%) were almost as good a tool as the traditional accelerator with mono-energy beam related to the study of the reaction within an ultra-low energy region.

Using our recently developed one parameter quasiparticle model, we analyze more recent (refined) results of (2+1)-flavor quark–gluon plasma (QGP) in lattice simulation of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) by various groups [S. Borsanyi et al., arXiv:1007.2580v2; A. Bazavov et al., Phys. Rev. D80 (2009) 014504; T. Umeda et al., arXiv:1011.2548v1; C. DeTar et al., Phys. Rev. D81 (2010) 114504]. We got a remarkable good fit to lattice thermodynamics of [S. Borsanyi et al., arXiv:1007.2580v2] and reasonable good fit to [A. Bazavov et al., Phys. Rev. D80 (2009) 014504] by adjusting single parameter of the model which may be related QCD scale parameter. The same model also fits the lattice results of [S. Borsanyi et al., arXiv:1007.2580v2] on (2+1+1)-flavor QGP. Further, we extend our model for above system with zero chemical potential to nonzero chemical potential and predict quark density without any new parameters which may be compared with future lattice data.

The variational method in a reformulated Hamiltonian formalism of quantum electrodynamics (QED) is used to derive relativistic wave equations for systems consisting of n fermions and antifermions of various masses. The derived interaction kernels of these equations include one-photon exchange interactions. The equations have the expected Schrödinger non-relativistic limit. Application to some exotic few lepton systems is discussed briefly.

The ground state and first intrinsic excited state of superheavy nuclei with Z = 120 and N = 160–204 are investigated using both nonrelativistic Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) and the axially deformed relativistic mean field (RMF) formalisms. We employ a simple BCS pairing approach for calculating the energy contribution from pairing interaction. The results for isotopic chain of binding energy (BE), quadrupole deformation parameter, two neutron separation energies and some other observables are compared with the finite range droplet model (FRDM) and some recent macroscopic–microscopic calculations. We predict superdeformed ground state solutions for almost all the isotopes. Considering the possibility of magic neutron number, two different modes of α-decay chains ²⁹²120 and ³⁰⁴120 are also studied within these frameworks. The Q_α-values and the half-life for these two different modes of decay chains are compared with FRDM and recent macroscopic–microscopic calculations. The calculation is extended for the α-decay chains of ²⁹²120 and ³⁰⁴120 from their excited state configuration to respective configuration, which predicts long half-life (in seconds).

The systematics of E2 transition probabilities and g-factors of even–even N ≥ 86 Xe, Ba, Ce and Nd have been studied by using the projected shell model approach. The E2 transition probabilities and g-factors have been calculated by using the many-body wave functions that reproduce the low-lying ground state energy levels. The calculated B(E2) values show an increasing trend with spin and neutron number. The calculated g-factors reproduce the observed decreasing trend of with neutron number except Nd nuclei.

We intend to study the alpha-decay half-lives of some nuclei from ground state to ground state. We consider a potential model with Yukawa proximity potential. We see that the results are in good agreement with the experimental data.