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VERTICAL EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTION RECORDS: AN OVERVIEW

AHMED ELGAMAL

Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0085, USA

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and

LIANGCAI HE

Department of Structural Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0085, USA

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Cited by:2 (Source: Crossref)

Abstract

Recent research clearly shows the importance of including the vertical component of earthquake ground motion in seismic analysis and design. In addition, pioneering studies [e.g., Elnashai and Papazoglou (1997)] have explored and documented the characteristics of available near-field vertical ground motion records. As a follow-up, this paper complements earlier studies, and investigates additional far-field records and available downhole array vertical motion records. A total of 111 free-field strong motion records (from California) and available downhole array records are employed. Compared to near-field records, far-field records generally contain more energy at longer periods. Based on the available data, response spectra are presented for near-field and far-field records respectively. The currently scarce downhole-array vertical motion records show that significant amplification may occur within the top 10–20 m soil layers. A simple one-dimensional (1D) vertical wave propagation model did not appear adequate for modelling the observed downhole array response. In using such a simplified model, very high viscous damping in the range of 15–25% was needed to match the recorded downhole vertical response, even for small tremors. Additional data and research are required [Beresnev et al., 2002] towards the development of a rational vertical motion site response analysis procedure.

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