Modern Physics Letters A

Predicting signatures of string theory on cosmological observables is not sufficient. Often the observable effects string theory may impact upon the cosmological arena which may equally be predicted by features of inflationary physics. The question: what observable signatures are unique to new physics, is thus of crucial importance for claiming evidence for the theory. Here we discuss recent progress in addressing the above question. The evidence relies on identifying discrepancies between the source terms that give rise to large scale structure (LSS) and CMB, by cross-correlating the weak lensing potential that maps LSS with the CMB spectra.

We review predictions of the theory of leading twist nuclear shadowing for inclusive unpolarized and polarized deuteron structure functions , and and for the tagged deuteron structure function . We analyze the possibility to extract the neutron structure function from electron–deuteron data and demonstrate that an account of leading twist nuclear shadowing leads to large corrections for the extraction of from the future deuteron collider data both in the inclusive and in the tagged structure function modes. We suggest several strategies to address the extraction of and to measure at the same time the effect of nuclear shadowing via the measurement of the distortion of the proton spectator spectrum in the semi-inclusive eD → e′NX process. We address the issue of the final state interactions in the eD → e′NX process and examine how they affect the extraction of .

The emergence of quantum-gravity induced corrective terms for the probability of emission of a particle from a black hole in the Parikh–Wilczek tunneling framework is studied. It is shown, in particular, how corrections might arise from modifications of the surface gravity due to near horizon Planck-scale effects. Our derivation provides an example of the possible linking between Planck-scale departures from Lorentz invariance and the appearance of higher order quantum gravity corrections in the black-hole entropy-area relation.

We comment on Ref. 1. One of the deformed actions can express the Neveu–Schwarz–Ramond superstring under three gauge conditions. One of these depends on a matrix induced by the string coordinate.

We study the critical behavior of lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the strong coupling approximation with Kogut–Susskind and Wilson fermions at finite temperature (T) and zero chemical potential. Using the Hamiltonian formulation we construct a mean field solution to the equation of motion at finite T and use it to study the elementary thermal excitations and to extract some critical exponents characterizing the observed second-order phase transition. We find similar critical behaviors for Kogut–Susskind and Wilson fermions at finite T.

This paper proves that from the algebraic point of view ELKO spinor fields belong together with Majorana spinor fields to a wider class, the so-called flagpole spinor fields, corresponding to the class 5, according to Lounesto spinor field classification. We show moreover that algebraic constraints imply that any class 5 spinor field is such that the 2-component spinor fields entering its structure have opposite helicities. The proof of our statement is based on Lounesto general classification of all spinor fields, according to the relations and values taken by their associated bilinear covariants, and can eventually shed some new light on the algebraic investigations concerning dark matter.

The dark energy cosmology with the equation of state w=const. is considered in this paper. The Ω_DE-Ω_M plane has been used to study the present state and expansion history of the universe. Through the mathematical analysis, we give the theoretical constraint of cosmological parameters. Together with some observations such as the transition redshift from deceleration to acceleration, more precise constraint on cosmological parameters can be acquired.