Modern Physics Letters A

Experiments will soon start taking data at CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) with high expectations for discovery of new physics phenomena. Indeed, the LHC's unprecedented center-of-mass energy will allow the experiments to probe an energy regime where the standard model is known to break down. Here, the experiments' capability to observe new resonances in various channels is reviewed.

In this paper we (re)consider the problem of electromagnetic interactions for massless spin-2 particles and show that in (A)dS spaces with nonzero cosmological constant it is indeed possible (at least in linear approximation) to switch on minimal electromagnetic interactions supplemented by third derivative non-minimal ones which are necessary to restore gauge invariance.

The dimensional reduction of the E₈ gauge theory in 11 dimensions leads to a loop bundle in ten-dimensional type IIA string theory. We show that the restriction to the Neveu–Schwarz sector leads naturally to a sigma model with target space E₈ with the ten-dimensional spacetime as the source. The corresponding bundle has a structure group: the group of based loops, whose classifying space we study. We explore some consequences of this proposal such as possible Lagrangians and existence of flat connections.

Different criteria of constructing clusters and tracing back Δ resonances from the intermediate-energy neutron-rich HICs are discussed by employing the updated UrQMD transport model. It is found that both the phase-space and the coordinate-density criteria affect the single and the double neutron/proton ratios of free nucleons at small transverse momenta, but the influence becomes invisible at large transverse momenta. The effect of different methods of reconstructing freeze-out Δs on the Δ⁰/Δ⁺⁺ ratio is strong in a large kinetic energy region.

To explain Gamma Ray Bursts, Ruffini argued that the event horizon of a charged black hole is surrounded by a special region called, the Dyadosphere where electric field exceeds the critical value for e⁺e^- pair production. In the present work, we construct a thin shell wormhole by performing a thought surgery between two dadospheres. Several physical properties of this thin shell wormhole have been analyzed.

Based on the observation that the equation of state parameter ω can cross the phantom dividing ω = -1 and has a 99% probability of being ω < -1, we introduce an interaction between the modified Chaplygin gas and the barotropic background fluid. By studying the dynamical evolution of the MCG model with interaction and the statefinder diagnostic in autonomous system, we find that the MCG vacuum-energy-dominated phase is the only stable attractor, the universe evolves from the matter-dominated phase to the MCG vacuum-energy-dominated phase, and the effect of the transfer strength parameter c is evident. In addition, we have plotted the evolution trajectories of the interacting CG, GCG and MCG models with barotropic background fluid in the statefinder parameter (s - r)-plane to illustrate the discriminations among these scenarios.

In this letter, by using the properties of the entropy function and the fundamental equation of thermodynamics, we discuss the reasons that there exist different proposals for relativistic temperature transformation. Further, we illustrate this point by studying a concrete thermodynamic system-blackbody radiation.