Modern Physics Letters A

This paper presents a brief review of new perspectives in the field of protostellar outflows concentrating on scales above those associated with the launch region (L > 10 AU). The formation and propagation of protostellar or Young Stellar Object (YSO) jets and collimated outflows has been intensively studied over the last 30 years with enormous progress being made in both theory and observations. As both the resolution and integration of observational platforms increases new features are revealed which have shifted the emphasis of research efforts. In this paper we review results in two different domains of YSO outflows research which focus on these new perspectives. We first review attempts to model jets as intrinsically heterogeneous (clumpy) systems. The role of sub-radial clumps (r_c < r_j) within a jet are explored and these models are differentiated from the classic paradigm of pulsed jets. In the second section we look at YSO jets in a global, environmental context. The ability of YSO jets and outflows to generate and/or sustain turbulence in star forming environments has been suggested as a major source of feedback in young clusters. Until recently this suggestion has been untested via direct simulations. We review new work on star formation outflow feedback and discuss issues for future studies.

Kolmogorov's statistic is used for the analysis of properties of perturbations in the Cosmic Microwave Background signal. We obtain the maps of the Kolmogorov stochasticity parameter for W and V band temperature data of WMAP which are differently affected by the Galactic disk radiation and then model datasets with various statistics of perturbations. The analysis shows that the Kolmogorov's parameter can be an efficient tool for the separation of Cosmic Microwave Background from the contaminating radiations due to their different statistical properties.

We propose a new solution to problems of the hierarchy and smallness of the cosmological constant using the TeV scale of the Standard Model in a new framework of the higher-order gravity.

The cross section of the μ⁺μ^- pair production in pp-collisions at the LHC is calculated with account of the Z' boson induced by the minimal four-color quark–lepton symmetry (MQLS). The μ⁺μ^- invariant mass spectrum with account of the MQLS Z' boson is analyzed in dependence on the Z' mass. The mass region for the MQLS Z' boson observable at the LHC is found in dependence on the significance and on the integrated luminosity.

In this letter we discuss the possibility of treating the spacetime by itself as a kind of deformable body for which we can define a fundamental lattice, just like atoms in crystal lattices. We show three signs pointing in that direction. We simulate the spacetime manifold by a very specific congruence of curves and use the Landau–Raychadhuri equation to study the behavior of such a congruence. The lattice appears because we are forced to associate to each curve of the congruence a sort of fundamental "particle". The world-lines of these particles should be identified with the congruence fulfilling the spacetime manifold. The conclusion is that when describing the deformations of the spacetime the Einstein equations emerge and the spacetime metric should be treated as a secondary (not fundamental) object of the theory.

We extend the Susskind–Glogower phase operator and phase state in quantum optics to thermo field dynamics (TFD). Based on the thermo entangled state representation, we introduce thermo excitation and de-excitation operators with which the phase operator and phase state in TFD can be constructed. The phase state treated as a limiting case of a new SU(1, 1) coherent states is also exhibited.

In this paper we present the analytical solutions of the one-dimensional Dirac equation for the Scarf-type potential with equal scalar and vector potentials. Using Nikiforov–Uvarov mathematical method, spinor wave function and the corresponding exact energy equation are obtained for the s-wave bound state. It has been shown that the results for this potential reduce to the well-known potentials in the special cases.

In this paper, we study the possibility of model building of cyclic universe with Quintom matter in the framework of Loop Quantum Cosmology. After a general demonstration, we provide two examples, one with double-fluid and another double-scalar field, to show how such a scenario is obtained. Analytical and numerical calculations are both presented in the paper.