Modern Physics Letters B

Modern band structure engineering is based both on the important discoveries of the past century and modern epitaxial technology. The general goal is to control the behavior of charge carriers on an atomic scale, which affects how they interact with each other and their environment. Starting from the basic semiconductor heterostructure, band structure engineering has evolved into a powerful discipline, employing lower dimensionality to demonstrate new material properties. Several modern technologies under development are used as examples of how this discipline is enabling new types of devices and new functionality in areas with immediate application.

The Penning discharge (PD) sputtering deposition technique was developed and used to synthesize carbon and carbon nitride films. This novel PD source, which was very different from traditional penning electrodes, was based on configurations of two hollow interpenetrating cylindrical electrodes. The discharge voltage, current, and spectral emissions of the plasma source had been characterized. In the pulsed gas beam plasma discharge, the intensity of spectral emission from discharge plasma supplied by the positive voltage was higher than that supported by using the negative voltage. In the static gas plasma discharge, the negative voltage discharge yielded a stable and concentrated plasma source, and the discharge current linearly increased with an increase of the discharge voltage. The phase change of the discharge following the variation of gas pressures was observed.

After characterization, the PD source was used in the sputtering deposition of both carbon and carbon nitride films. Microscope images of samples indicated that nanostructured films had been obtained. All samples were characterized by using Raman scattering spectroscopy.

A physical scheme for implementing the one-qubit Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm by electronic population adiabatic transfer in a triple-well quantum dot system is proposed. The scheme is relatively insensitive to gate errors and other external noise. Furthermore, the implementation of Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm via the quantum dot system provides a good example for oracle-based solid quantum computing.

This paper is concerned with the synchronization problem for a class of stochastic neural networks with unknown parameters and mixed time-delays via output coupling. The mixed time-delays comprise the time-varying delay and distributed delay, and the neural networks are subjected to stochastic disturbances described in terms of a Brownian motion. Firstly, we use Lyapunov functions to establish general theoretical conditions for designing the output coupling matrix. Secondly, by using the adaptive feedback technique, a simple, analytical and rigorous approach is proposed to synchronize the stochastic neural networks with unknown parameters and mixed time-delays. Finally, numerical simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Starting from a discrete isospectral problem, a hierarchy of nonlinear Liouville integrable lattice soliton equations are derived. Through enlarging associated spectral problems, two kinds of discrete integrable couplings are constructed for the resulting lattice hierarchy.

The binding energies of a negative trion confined in a quantum dot are calculated using the exact diagonalization method. Both the spin singlet and triplet states are considered. Our results show that the binding energies are sensitive to the strength of the confinement potential as well as the electron–hole mass ratio.

For complex electromagnetic fields in modern physics, a hybrid isoparametric finite element method (HIFEM) with high accuracy is introduced in the paper. The complex electromagnetic field in an electromagnetic device has been calculated successfully by the hybrid isoparametric finite element method (HIFEM) and the electromagnetic properties of the electromagnetic device under specific work conditions are evaluated. With the help of microcomputers, the electromagnetic simulation given in this paper is very useful in the analysis of operating properties under different work conditions and design of electromagnetic devices.