Modern Physics Letters B

We demonstrate numerically and experimentally chiral metamaterials (MTMs) based on gammadion-bilayer cross-wires that uniaxially create giant optical activity and tunable circular dichroism as a result of the dynamic design. In addition, the suggested structure gives high negative refractive index due to the large chirality in order to obtain an efficient polarization converter. We also present a numerical analysis in order to show the additional features of the proposed chiral MTM in detail. Therefore, a MTM sensor application of the proposed chiral MTM is introduced and discussed. The presented chiral designs offer a much simpler geometry and more efficient outlines. The experimental results are in a good agreement with the numerical simulation. It can be seen from the results that, the suggested chiral MTM can be used as a polarization converter, sensor, etc. for several frequency regimes.

Optical properties of ${\mathrm{\text{Ga}}}_2\mathrm{\text{SeS}}$ crystals grown by Bridgman method were investigated by transmission, reflection and ellipsometry measurements. Analysis of the transmission and reflection measurements performed in the wavelength range of 400–1100 nm at room temperature indicated the presence of indirect and direct transitions with 2.28 eV and 2.38 eV band gap energies. Ellipsometry measurements were carried out in the 1.2–6.0 eV spectral region to get information about optical constants, real and imaginary parts of the pseudodielectric function. Moreover, the critical point (CP) analysis of the second derivative spectra of the pseudodielectric constant in the above band gap region was accomplished. The analysis revealed the presence of five CPs with energies of 3.87, 4.16, 4.41, 4.67 and 5.34 eV.

This paper presents an analysis method for quantum information protocols based on model checking, with special focus on the quantum privacy comparison (QPC). The security properties of these protocols can be proved but in ways with much difficulty. Here we will discuss a probabilistic model checking tool — PRISM to verify specific properties of QPC protocol with multi-body and PRISM to verify specific properties of quantum private comparison (QPC) protocol with multi-party and d-dimensional entangled states.

In this paper, the dynamic properties of a single adatom subject to a two-dimensional periodic potential of square symmetry are investigated. This problem is addressed through the strong-collision model, where the dynamical interaction of the adatom with the substrate is modeled by well-separated collisions that thermalize the velocity. By means of molecular dynamics simulations, we calculate the jump-length probability distribution and the diffusion coefficient as a function of x–y coupling term and of the collision frequency $\eta$. Our numerical results show that the x–y coupling always suppresses a large proportion of long jumps, inducing thus a decrease of the diffusion coefficient for all values of $\eta$. Implications of these findings are briefly discussed.

We investigated a highly coarse-grained polymer model — hard-sphere (HS) model. This model is characterized by its time-saving computation and strictly guaranteed uncrossability of polymer chains. Regarding the statistical and dynamic properties of HS model, our simulating results perfectly coincide with pre-existing scaling theory. Additionally, we point out that the power exponent of scaling relationship between its relaxation time and chain length is 2.2.

One of the very interesting aspects of high energy heavy-ion collisions experiments is a detailed study of the thermodynamical properties of strongly interacting nuclear matter away from the nuclear ground state. In this direction, many efforts were focused on searching for possible phase transitions in such collisions. We investigate thermodynamic instabilities in a hot and dense nuclear medium where a phase transition from nucleonic matter to resonance-dominated $\Delta$-matter can take place. Such a phase transition can be characterized by both mechanical instability (fluctuations on the baryon density) and by chemical-diffusive instability (fluctuations on the strangeness concentration) in asymmetric nuclear matter. In analogy with the liquid–gas nuclear phase transition, hadronic phases with different values of antibaryon–baryon ratios and strangeness content may coexist. Such a physical regime could be, in principle, investigated in the future high-energy compressed nuclear matter experiments which will make it possible to create compressed baryonic matter with a high net baryon density.

Structural and magnetic properties as well as the electronic structures of ${\mathrm{\text{Ru}}}_2\mathrm{\text{YGe}}(\mathrm{\text{Y}}=\mathrm{\text{Cr}},\mathrm{\text{Mn}})$ Heusler alloys were investigated in the framework of first principle calculation. Using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) in connection with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) treatment of exchange-correlation energy, we have performed the structural optimization in the non-magnetic (NM) and three different magnetic configurations: FM, AFM-I and AFM-II. We have found that our two compounds are stable for the AFM-II state, which agree with the available experimental and theoretical results. The exchange constants $J_1$ and $J_2$ as well as the temperature of transition to the paramagnetic state $(T_N)$ were estimated here by the use of the energy difference method and the mean field approximation. The electronic structure of our compounds in their magnetic state was also studied. The GGA + U method has also been used to take into account the strong correlations among the d orbitals of $\mathrm{\text{Ru}},\mathrm{\text{Cr}}$ and $\mathrm{\text{Mn}}$ atoms. This has considerably improved both the electronic and magnetic results which became close to the corresponding experimental data. We have finally studied the thermodynamic properties using the quasi-harmonic Debye model as implemented in the Gibbs Program.

Self-consistent first principles calculations on type II weakly coupled superconducting ${\mathrm{\text{Mo}}}_3\mathrm{\text{X}}(\mathrm{\text{X}}=\mathrm{\text{Si}},\mathrm{\text{Ga}},\mathrm{\text{Ge}})$ compounds of A15 phase are performed to understand their fundamental characteristics of the electronic, thermal and superconducting properties. The bulk modulus $(B)$, Debye temperature $({\theta }_{\mathrm{\text{D}}})$, density of states (DOS) $(N(E_F))$, electron–phonon coupling constant $(\lambda )$, superconducting transition temperature $(T_c)$, and electronic specific heat coefficient $(\gamma )$ have been computed in terms of the electronic structure results, obtained by using the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method. It is observed that all the three materials have their electronic properties dominated by d-orbital at Fermi energy. Thermal and superconducting properties calculated here are found to corroborate well with the experimental results of literature.