Modern Physics Letters B

Anti-icing is a crucial concern for solid surfaces in numerous industrial domains and has garnered significant attention in recent years. Traditional anti-icing methods for solid surfaces often require a substantial input of energy. In this study, we provide a brief overview of the potential applications of anti-icing and recent advancements in the field. Then, we present a novel anti-icing method, the design of superhydrophobic anti-icing surfaces based on droplet dynamics. Additionally, we delve into several related topics that could benefit future research in the area, such as the design of solid surfaces with various bio-inspired properties, among others.

Environmental issues and energy crisis are huge challenges in today’s world. As one of green energy sources, thermoelectric (TE) materials have attracted tremendous attraction for they can convert free heat energy to electricity. In our work, through the master equation (ME) method, we studied the characteristics of charge transport in the organic material under nonlinear temperature distributions. Under each temperature distribution, Seebeck coefficient is analyzed with different factors such as the temperature, the reorganization energy and the energetic disorder strength. Especially, Seebeck coefficient of different temperature distributions showed different performances when the reorganization energy changes. Our studies will be helpful to look further into TE properties of organic materials and improve the application of TE devices.

A simple theoretical model is developed to study the effect of size and shape on the bandgap of semiconductor nanomaterials. It is found that bandgap increases by decreasing the size, which depends on the shape considered. The results obtained are compared with the available experimental data as well as with those based on earlier models. Different models predict similar trend of variations. However, such an excellent agreement with experimental data particularly in low size range using a simple model is never seen earlier. The model reduces the number of input parameters and includes more shapes as compared with earlier studies. This demonstrates the simplicity and wide applicability of the present model due to which it can be used to study the size and shape dependence of bandgap of different semiconductor nanomaterials of current interest in science and technology.

In this paper, we consider a perturbed version of a very simple and exactly solvable model that supports Fermi arcs and pseudogap in its ground state and excitation spectrum, which includes Hubbard-like interactions in both momentum and real spaces. We find that the combined effects give rise to non-Fermi liquid behavior in the electron self-energy. This points to a novel mechanism that leads to non-Fermi liquid behavior, which is of strong current interest in the context of strongly correlated metals, that often become superconductors. Comparison will be made with phenomenology of high- temperature cuprate superconductors.

In this work, the electronic and optical properties of three-dimensional (3D) lead-free hybrid perovskites $\mathrm{\text{A}}$${\mathrm{\text{Sn}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{Ge}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{I}}}_3$ with organic and inorganic cations $\mathrm{\text{A}}=\mathrm{\text{MA}}$, Cs ($\mathrm{\text{MA}}={\mathrm{\text{CH}}}_3{\mathrm{\text{NH}}}_3^{+}$) have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The nature of the cations in the 3D perovskite structure has a significant impact on the electronic and optical properties of the 3D structures because octahedral ${\mathrm{\text{BI}}}_6^{-}$ is so sensitive to them. The results revealed that by replacing the organic cation with the inorganic cation, the band gap has increased, and also in the optical properties, an increase in the absorption coefficient and a decrease in reflection have been observed. According to the obtained results, the $\mathrm{\text{MA}}{\mathrm{\text{Sn}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{Ge}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{I}}}_3$ compound is a better candidate for optoelectronic devices and solar cells applications than $\mathrm{\text{Cs}}{\mathrm{\text{Sn}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{Ge}}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{\text{I}}}_3$, due to its higher band gap, higher absorption coefficient, lower reflection, and cheaper price. These findings are crucial for comprehending how cations affect lead-free perovskite halides, and we hope it will be a useful guide for improving the photovoltaic efficiency of lead-free perovskite solar cells. In addition to the absorber layer of solar cells, 3D perovskites are used in laser and thermoelectric applications, topological insulation, and radiation detection.

Based on the proposed model for the interaction of an extremely short pulse of an electric field with chiral nanotubes (CHNTs), the case of a plane pulse passing through a thin layer of CHNTs is considered. The effect of rectification of a bipolar extremely short pulse is discovered and the dependence on the thickness of the nanotube film is investigated.

The importance of Methanol can be guessed from its usage as in the preparation of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) fuel, ascetic acid, formaldehyde, metabolize food, biodiesel, pharmaceutical ingredients and products, energy related applications and many more. In this research work, we numerically analyze the impact of temperature-dependent viscosity on flow and heat transfer of Methanol Iron oxide, CH₃OH–Fe₃O₄ nanofluid through annular sector duct. The effects of pertinent parameters corresponding to temperature-dependent viscosity, m, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles’ contribution, n and geometrical configuration (i.e. $\widehat{R}$ and N), are revealed graphically by velocity contours, isotherms, velocity and temperature profiles, and discussed physically. Both parameters m and n suppress the velocity and temperature profiles by increasing the friction factor $f\mathrm{\text{Re}}$ and average Nusselt number $\mathrm{\text{Nu}}$. Same impacts of m and n have been observed for all values of $\widehat{R}$ and N.

In the solid ⁴He at zero temperature, there are the acoustic waves, which manifest themselves in the form of phonon pairs. We show that the phonon system in solid ⁴He can undergo the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) condensation. In the BCS condensation state, the phonon system possesses a new kind of quasiparticle, the dressed phonon, whose velocity is a monotonically increasing function of temperature. The phonon system undergoes a first-order phase transition from the normal state to the BCS condensation state. We derive the low-temperature expression of the phonon heat capacity in the BCS condensation state, which considerably deviates from the Debye $T^3$ law in classic solids.