Traditional Medicine and Modern Medicine

The origin of medicine, to some extent, can be seen as the evolution of primitive medical knowledge and experience, and it is a process of continuous integration as well as inheritance of the good and elimination of the bad. There are four important factors, including labor (the external factor), survival instinct (the internal factor), representative doctors (the dominant factor), and philosophy (the critical factor), and only by the inspiration of philosophy can we establish and improve the theoretical system of medicine that will comprise the accumulated primitive medical experience, and instinctive medical practice. Here, we proposed that Uyghur Medicine is considered neither indigenous nor introduced. It is rooted in Chinese traditional cultures, and after integrating ancient Chinese philosophy with primitive medical experience and practice in Western China, and subsequently being inspired and enlightened by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM, Han Medicine), it gradually evolves and matures over time. Consequently, TCM (Han Medicine) has extensively contributed to the emergence and development of Uyghur Medicine. Specifically, the medical knowledge and practice of TCM (Han Medicine) introduced into Western China are the basis, whereas those of Persian Medicine and Ancient Indian Medicine introduced through the Silk Road are the important sources of enrichment.

Objective: To investigate the distribution and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and its elements on chronic bronchitis (CB) based on real-world data (RWD) so as to optimize the treatment strategies.

Methods: A real-world study based on 2207 medical records collected from five hospitals in China, to explore the relationship between TCM syndrome and CB using the big data methods. Factor analyses were used to reduce the dimensions of TCM syndrome elements and found common factors. Additionally, cluster analyses were performed to value combinations of TCM syndrome element. Finally, association rule analyses were employed to assess the structures of TCM syndromes elements and estimate the patterns of TCM syndrome.

Results: A total of 21 TCM syndromes were extracted from RWD in this work. There were four TCM syndromes consisting of Tan_Zhuo_Zu_Fei, Tan_Re_Yong_Fei, Feng_Han_Xi_Fei, and Feng_Re_Fan_Fei with $>5.0$% frequency based on the distribution frequency. The two top Xu TCM syndromes of Fei_Yin_Xu and Fei_Shen_Qi_Xu were identified. The top six pathogenesis TCM syndrome elements were Tan, Huo, Feng, Han, Qi_Xu, and Yin_Xu. Factor analyses, cluster analyses, and association rule analyses demonstrated that Tan, Huo, Feng, Han, Qi-Xu, Yin-Xu, Fei, and Shen were the core TCM syndrome elements.

Conclusion: The four common Shi TCM syndromes of Tan_Zhuo_Zu_Fei, Tan_Re_Yong_Fei, Feng_Han_Xi_Fei, and Feng_Re_Fan_Fei for CB were detected in the real world study, and the two Xu TCM syndromes of Fei_Yin_Xu and Fei_Shen_Qi_Xu were identified. The Mix TCM syndrome of Fei_Pi_Qi_Xu_Tan_Shi_Yun_Fei was the main syndrome. The core TCM syndrome elements of Tan, Huo, Feng, Han, Qi_Xu, and Yin_Xu, Fei, and Shen were determined in the entire sample.

Objective: Recently, significant attention has been paid to the aesthetics of the skin, which has led to the emergence and development, in addition to traditional medical cosmetology, of areas such as aesthetic and plastic skin surgery, surgical cosmetology, and others.

Methods: For light microscopy, samples from various sections of the skin of the face and neck (total 57 samples) subjected to stretching, obtained during surgery, were fixed in a 10–12% solution of neutral formalin. After appropriate treatment, the samples were poured into paraffin and 5–7-$\mu$m-thick sections were prepared. The general morphology was studied of the sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin.

Results: In the spiky layer, the integrity of keratinocyte rows is ensured by numerous desmosomes located at the contacting ends of the processes of neighboring cells. Balloon cell stretching does not lead to disruption of contacts in the forms of interdigitations of the plasma membranes of neighboring cells of the basal layer and ruptures of desmosomes at the ends of processes of neighboring cells of the prickly layer.

Conclusion: Intraoperative stretching of the skin does not cause a violation of its general architectonics. In all the studied sections in the epidermis, integrity violations in the form of tears, cracks, etc. are not determined. It was noted with a decrease in the number of rows of cells of the prickly layer. However, no phenomena of acantholysis and cytolysis were noted.

Objective: To investigate and evaluate the protective effect of the combination of Hyssopus officinalis and Dracocephalum moldavica on cerebral ischemia reperfusion rat model.

Methods: The rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion was established and SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal group, model group, water extraction site, ethanol extraction site, ether extraction site and total extraction site groups. After 22 h of reperfusion, the rats were scored for neural dysfunction, and the contents of brain water, MDA and SOD were measured. Histopathological changes of cortex and hippocampus were observed by HE staining. The brain tissue was stained with TTC, and the infarct area was photographed and calculated.

Results: Compared with the model group, the water extraction site, the total extraction site decreased IL-6 in brain tissue ($P<0.05$), while the ethanol site and ethanol extraction site and the total extraction site could reduce the score of nerve function loss, percentage of cerebral infarction area and MDA content ($P<0.01$, $P<0.05$). The level of SOD in the brain tissues of rats was significantly increased in both ethanol sites and total extraction sites ($P<0.05$). Compared with the model group, the total extraction sites showed significant decrease of TNF-$\alpha$ content ($P<0.05$). Compared with the normal group, the water content in the model group was significantly increased, and there was a decreasing trend but it was not significant after drug treatment groups.

Conclusion: The ethanol and total extraction site of Hyssopus officinalis and Dracocephalum moldavica combination exerts protective effects on rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion.

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Lishi Oral Liquid (LOL), a Chinese herbs formula, combined with levocetirizine, an antihistamine drug, in patients with damp-heat atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted. Ninety patients diagnosed with damp-heat atopic dermatitis were randomly assigned to Lishi Oral Liquid group and control group at the ratio of 1:1. Patients were given one Lishi Oral Liquid or placebo three times per day. Both groups were treated with allantoin and vitamin E cream by topical use and levocetirizine by oral administration. Patients were followed up at the second and fourth week. The primary outcome was the scoring of atopic dermatitis (SCORAD). The secondary outcomes were visual analogue scale (VAS) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI).

Results: After two weeks of treatment, there were statistical differences in SCORAD between these two groups ($P<0.05$), whereas VAS and DLQI showed no statistical differences. There were significant differences in SCORAD and VAS between two groups at the end of four weeks of treatment ($P<0.05$). However, no significant differences were observed in DLQI after four weeks of treatment. No serious adverse event was found during this clinical trial.

Conclusion: LOL combined with levocetirizine is effective and safe for damp-heat AD treatment.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of the use of portable pulmonary function tester in patients with stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Methods: A total of 80 patients with stable COPD were enrolled in our hospital from March 2018 to March 2019. They were divided into two groups according to different treatment methods. The comparison group was used for routine pulmonary function training, and the intervention group was trained for Portable Pulmonary Function Training and Test Device (PPFTTD). Comparison was made of forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC), measured/predicted value of the first second forced expiratory volume (FEV1 measured/predicted value), measured/predicted value of maximal voluntary ventilation per minute between the two groups. Quality of life (QOL) scores such as daily living ability, social activity, depressive psychological symptoms, and anxiety psychological symptoms were measured.

Results: The FEV1/FVC value, measured/predicted value of FEV1 and MVV of intervention group were higher than those in the comparison group ($P<0.05$). QOL scores, such as daily living ability, social activity, depression psychological symptoms, and anxiety psychological symptoms in the intervention group, were lower than those in the comparison group ($P<0.05$).

Conclusion: In the treatment of stable COPD, the use of portable pulmonary function tester is significant, and it should be widely promoted and applied in clinical practice.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of electroacupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.

Methods: In total 75 patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into electroacupuncture with point injection group (37 patients), and electroacupuncture group (38 patients). Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale (CMSS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were observed before and after three treatment interventions, and the clinical efficacies were compared.

Results: The total effective rates were 91.9% and 86.8%, and the difference was not significant ($P>0.05$).

Conclusions: Electroacupuncture with point injection and electroacupuncture are effective methods in treating primary dysmenorrhea, and the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant.