Medical Psychiatry: Theory and Practice

The following sections are included:

• DEDICATION

• ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

• CONTENTS

• FOREWORD

• PREFACE

The following sections are included:

• HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS

• THE CONCEPT OF PSYCHOGENESIS

• THE CONCEPT OF HOLISM

• PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE: THE FIRST PHASE

• MAJOR NEW TRENDS

• NEW TRENDS IN THEORY AND RESEARCH

• THE CORE QUESTIONS

• CORE THEORETICAL CONCEPTS

• NEW TRENDS IN CLINICAL APPLICATION

• THE KEY DEFINITIONS

• CLASSIFICATION OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH

• PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES

• PSYCHOENDOCRINOLOGY

• PSYCHOIMMUNOLOGY

• PSYCHONEUROPHYSIOLOGY

• ETIOLOGIC STUDIES

• SOMATOPSYCHIC STUDIES

• THERAPY-RELATED STUDIES

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• POST-STROKE MOOD DISORDERS
  • CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
  • PREVALENCE AND DURATION OF DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS
    • PREVALENCE
    • DURATION
  • MECHANISMS OF POST-STROKE NOOD DISORDERS
    • PHYSICAL IMPAIRMENT, INTELLECTUAL DEFICITS, AND SOCIAL FUNCTIONING
    • APHASIA
  • BIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF POST-STROKE DEPRESSION
  • TREATMENT
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

• MENTAL CHANGES IN MENINGOENCEPHALITIS AND CEREBRAL CYSTICERCOSIS
  • INDRODUCTION AND HISTORY
  • PSYCHIATRIC SYMPTOMS IN ACUTE VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS
  • PSYCHIATRIC MANIFESTATIONS OF TUBERCULOUS MENIGOENCEPHALITIS FUNGIMENINGITIS AND OTHER BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
  • PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN CEREBRAL CYSTICERCOSIS
  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• CLINICAL SYMPTOMATOLOGY OF DEMENTIA

• EPIDEMIOLOGY OF THE DEMENTIAS

• CLASSIFICATION OF DEMENTIAS

• ETIOLOGIC CLASSIFICATION OF DEMENTIAS

• PRIMARY CORTICAL AND PRIMARY SUBCORTICAL DEMENTIAS

• DIAGNOSIS OF DEMENTIA

• NEUROPHYSIOLOGIC TESTING

• RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS

• ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

• CRITERIA FOR THE CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

• ALZHSIMER'S DISEASE. GENETICS

• PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS

• ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, IT'S RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CONDITIONS

• PICK'S DISEASE

• PARKINSON'S DISEASE

• AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS-PARKINSONISM-DEMENTIA COMPLEX OF GUAM

• PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY

• HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE

• DEMENTIA AND VASCULAR DISORDERS

• CREUTZFELD-JAKOB DISEASE

• KURU

• GERTSMANN-STRAUSSLER-SCHEINKER'S DISEASE

• DIALYSIS DEMENTIA

• OTHER CAUSES OF DEMENTIA AND DELIRIUM

• PSEUDOMENTIA

• THE FAMILY AND THE PATIENT WITH DEMENTIA

• BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following sections are included:

• CONCEPTUAL ISSUES

• SOMATIZATION AS PSYCHIATRIC PHENOMENON

• “SOMATIZATION” VS. “PSYCHOLOGIZATION”

• PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF SOMATIZATION

• SOMATIZATION IN DEVELOPED NATIONS

• SOMATIZATION AS CHARACTER TRAIT

• “PSYCHOSOMATIC” VS. “SOMATIZATION”

• THE COMPLEXITY OF CHRONIC PAIN SYNROMES - THE CASE OF LOW BACK PAIN

• “GOLD STANDARDS” IN MEDICINE

• SCREENING THE SOMATIZER

• DEPRESSION, ANXIETY AND SOMATIZATION

• SOMATIZERS IN MEDICAL SETTINGS

• INSTRUMENTS TO SCREEN THE SOMATIZER

• THE SOMATIZER AND DSM III

• EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

• EPIDEMIOLOGY OF SOMATIZATION IN THE COMMUNITY

• NEW (POST-DSM III) OPERATIONAL CONSTRUCTS OF SOMATIZATION

• SOMATIZATION AND THE DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW SCHEDULE

• DEVELOPING AN OPERATIONAL CONSTRUCT OF SOMATIZATION FROM THE DIS

• SOMATIZATION IN THE COMMUNITY: THE ECA STUDY

• LOS ANGELES ECA DATA ON SOMATIZATION

• USE OF SERVICES BY RESPONDENTS WITH ONE OR MORE PSYCHIATRIC DIAGNOSES - PROPORTION USING SERVICES WITHIN PAST SIX MONTHS

• CONSCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• AMPLIFYING OR MINIMIZING A SYMPTOM

• PSYCHOLOGICAL REASONS FOR AMPLIFYING SYMPTOMS
  • PSYCHIATRIC SYNDROMES
  • SOMATIZING PERSONALITIES
  • NEUROTIC PHENOMENA
  • PSYCHOTIC PHENOMENA

• INFLUENCES OF THE MEDICAL CARE PROCESS ON AMPLIFICATION OF SYMPTOMS
  • EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTIONS AND THE PROVISION OF REASSURANCE
  • PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
  • LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INTERVENTIONS

• SITUATIONAL SOCIAL AND CULTURAL REASONS FOR AMPLIFYTING OF SYMPTOMS

• EVALUATION OF SOMATIC SYMPTOMS
  • PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS
  • PERSONALITY THEMES
  • MEDICAL CARE INFLUENCES
  • SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND CULTURAL FORCES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• CLASSIFICATION OF SEIZURE DISORDERS

• BRIEF HISTORY OF PARTIAL SEIZURES

• THE LIMBIC SYSTEM AND THE NEUROLOGY OF EMOTIONS

• GENERAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF EPILEPSY

• PREVALENCE

• PHYSIOPATHOLOGY OF SEIZURES

• PSYCHIATRIC PHENOMENOLOGY OF PARTIAL SEIZURES

• CLINICAL PRESENTATION OF COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES

• MANAGEMENT OF CPS

• PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT

• CARBAMAZEPINE

• NEUROSURGICAL TREATMENT OF CPS

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• PHENOMENOLOGY OF DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS

• ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS IN AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

• MODELS OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

• BIOLOGICAL MODELS OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

• THE MONOAMINE HYPOTHESIS OF DEPRESSION

• GENETIC FACTORS

• RECENT FINDINGS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL MODELS

• COGNITIVE ASPECTS IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

• SOCIOLOGICAL MODELS

• SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS

• THE WORKUP OF A PATIENT WITH MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER

• LITHIUM TRANSPORT STUDIES

• CLINICAL SUBTYPES OF MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

• DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF MAJOR AFFECTIVE DISORDER MAJOR DEPRESSION

• DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN MANIC DEPRESSIVE ILLNESS

• DSYTHYMIC DISORDERS

• DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

• CYCLOTHYMIC DISORDER

• DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

• DEPRESSION AND PHYSICAL ILLNESS

• DEPRESSION AS A FIRST SING OF PHYSICAL ILLNESS

• DEPRESSION SECONDARY OF PHYSICAL ILLNESS

• DEPRESSION AND DRUG THERAPY

• DEPRESSION MASKED BY COMPLAINTS OF PHYSICAL ILLNESS

• GRIEF AND BEREAVEMENT

• SEASONAL DEPRESSIONS

• CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF DEPRESSION

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• EVALUATION AND SELECTION O F TREATMENT
  • Approach to the patient
  • Identification of the depressive syndrome
  • Elimination of other disorders
  • Other characteristics that influence drug choice

• SELECTION OF TREATMENT
  • Types of antidepressant drugs

• PRESENTATION OF DRUG TREATMENT TO THE PATIENT
  • Understanding the basis of drug treatment of depression
  • Mechanics of treatment
  • Short term expectations and monitoring
  • Long range planning

• INITIAL TREATMENT: MANAGEMENT OF THE INDEX EPISODE
  • Rate and specificity of drug response
  • Monitoring drug response

• ADVERSE EFFECTS AND PRECAUTIONS
  • Tricyclic drugs
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
  • Lithium salts
  • Anticonvulsants

• MANAGEMENT OF NONRESPONSE
  • Augmentation of antidepressant treatment
  • Changing drug treatment

• MANIC EPISODES
  • Approach to the patient and evaluation
  • Selection of treatment
  • Management of the episode
  • Prophylactic treatment

• LONG-TERM PLANNING

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• REVIEW OF ESOPHAGEAL PHYSIOLOGY

• ACHALASIA

• DIFFUSE ESOPHAGEAL SPASM

• RUMINATION

• PRIMARY PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER

• EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

• HISTORICAL DATA ON MIND-GUT INTERACTIONS

• GENETIC FACTORS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL VARIABLES IN WOMEN

• PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESSORS

• TREATMENT APPROACHES

• EPIDEMIOLOGY

• REVIEW OF INTESTINAL PHYSIOLOGY

• RESEARCH ON BRAIN-GUT INTERACTION

• DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR IBS

• SEARCH FOR ETIOLOGICAL FACTORS

• CLINICAL PHENOMENOLOGY

• PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

• TREATMENT APPROACHES

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• PREVALENCE AND DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

• CLINICAL PRESENTATION

• PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

• PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF MVP

• TREATMENT

• DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM

• DEFINITION OF THE CORONARY PRONE PERSONALITY

• TESTING FOR TYPE A

• EMPIRICAL BASIS

• PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL BASIS

• SOCIOLOGICAL VARIABLES

• MODIFICATION OF TYPE A BEHAVIOR

• CONTROVERSIES

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS DURING HOSPITALIZATION
  • Anxiety
  • Denial
  • Depression
  • Delirium

• PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS AFTER DISCHARGE
  • Psychological Symptoms
  • Sexual Adjustment
  • Occupational Adjustment
  • Physical Activity/Sports

• ANIMAL STUDIES

• HUMAN STUDIES

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• MEDICAL ASPECTS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

• EPIDEMIOLOGY

• ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

• CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

• DIAONOSIS

• TREATMENT

• PROGNOSIS

• PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY AND STRESS
  • Methodological Problems in Previous Studies
  • Childhood Conflicts Recalled by Patients and Siblings
  • Personality and Character Traits
  • The Role of Stress
  • Conclusions

• HEALTH AND PSYCHOSOCIAL STATUS

• PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPAIRMENT AND PSYCHIATRIC COMPLICATIONS
  • The Impact on Sexuality, Marriage, and the Family
  • The Impact on Work
  • Depression
  • Chronic Pain
  • Psychotherapy

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• ANOREXIA NERVOSA
  • HISTORY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
  • PREMORBID PERSONALITY TRAITS AND OTHER FACTORS ASSOCIIATED WITH THE ILLNESS
  • PHENOMENOLOGY
    • Symptoms And Signs
  • ETIOLOGY AND PRECIPITATING FACTORS
  • COMPLICATIONS AND ASSOCIATED CONCOMMITANT DISEASE PROCESS
  • DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
  • PROGNOSLS
  • TREATMENT
  • THERAPIES
    • Outpatient Modality
    • Inpatient Modality
    • Pharmacotherapy
    • Eehavior Modification
    • Cognitive Therapy
    • Group Therapy
    • Family Therapy
    • Individual Therapy

• BULIMIA NERVOSA
  • HISTORY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
  • INCIDENCE
  • PHENOMONOLOGY
    • Signs and Symptoms
  • ETIOLOGY AND PRECIPITATING FACTORS
  • MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS AND CONCOMMITANT DISEASE PROCESS
  • DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
  • MANAGEMENT AND TREATMENT
    • Inpatient Treatment
    • Outpatient Treatment
    • Psycho-Educational Techniques
    • Group Therapy
    • Family Therapy
    • Behavioral Therapy
    • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
    • Pyschodynamic Therapy
    • Pharmocological Treatment
    • Self Help

• OBESITY
  • DEMOGRAPHIC AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA
  • PREMORBID PERSONALITY TRAITS ASSOCIATED WITH OBESITY
  • PHENOMENOLOGY
  • COMPLICATIONS RESULTING FROM OBESITY AND ASSOCIATED OR CONCOMITANT DISEASE PROCESSES
  • DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS
  • PROGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT
  • TREATMENT REGIMENS

• CONCULUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-THYROID AXIS

• HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS

• HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS

• GROWTH HORMONE

• PROLACTIN

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• EMOTIONAL IMPACT OF INFERTILITY

• PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS OF CURRENT THERAPIES FOR INFERTILITY
  • Hormonal
  • Artificial Insemination
  • In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET)
  • Gamete Intra-Fallopian Transfer (GIFT)
  • Surrogate Motherhood

• PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INFERTILITY AND THE INFERTILITY SPECIALIST

• ROLE OF THE PSYCHIATRIST AND OTHER MENTAL HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
  • Psychotherapy with Infertility Patients

• ETHICS OF REPRODUCTIVE INTERVENTION

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• SEXUAL RESPONSE AND FUNCTION

• NEUROLOGIC AND ENDOCRINOLOGIC ASPECTS OF SEX

• ILLNESS AND SEXUALITY

• DRUGS AND SEXUALITY

• SEXUALITY IN PREGNANCY AND THE PUERPERIUM

• SEXUALITY AND AGING

• PSYCHOSOCIAL INFLUENCES ON SEXUALITY

• THE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS

• EVALUATION OF SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; A BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH

• THE SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS INHIBITED SEXUAL DESIRE

• MALE ERECTION DISORDER

• FEMALE SEXUAL AROUSAL DISORDERS

• INHIBITED FEMALE ORGASM

• INHIBITED MALE ORGASM

• PREMATURE EJACULATION

• FUNCTIONAL DYSPAREUNIA

• FUNCTIONAL VAGINISMUS

• THE TREATMENT OF SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

• THE TREATMENT OF THE MAJOR PSYCHOSEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS SEXUAL DESIRE DISORDERS

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY FOR ISD

• SEXUAL AROUSAL DISORDERS

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION

• FEMALE SEXUAL AROUSAL DISORDER

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY FOR INHIBITED FEMALE EXCITEMENT

• INHIBITED FEMALE ORGASM

• THE PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY OF PRIMARY INHIBITED FEMALE ORGASM

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY OF SITUATIONAL INHIBITED FEMALE ORGASM

• INHIBITED MALE ORGASM

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY OF INHIBITED MALE ORGASM (Ejaculatory Incompetence)

• PREMATURE EJACULATION

• PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY OF PREMATURE EJACULATION

• FUNCTIONAL DYSPAREUNIA

• FUNCTIONAL VAGINISMUS

• THE PSYCHOSEXUAL THERAPY OF VAGINISMUS

• OUTCOME OF THE NEW SEX THERAPY

• SEX AND DEPRESSION

• CONCLUSIONS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• Introduction

• Postpartum Depression

• Postpartum Psychosis

• Depression During Pregnancy

• Pseudocyesis

• Vomiting During Pregnancy

• Hyperemesis Gravidarum

• Chronic Pelvic Pain

• Conclusion

• References

The following sections are included:

• ASSESSMENT ISSUES

• PREVALENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS

• VARIABLES RELATED TO ADJUSTMENT

• PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS: SITE-SPECIFIC DATA

• BREAST CANCER
  • Psychological Distress
  • Postmastectomy Adjustment
  • Predictors of Adjustment to Breast Cancer

• EFFECTS OF CANCER ON SEXUAL ACTIVITY

• CANCER SURVIVORS

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

Based on their own work over the past 10 years with cancer patients, the authors describe their integrated model of psychotherapy for early-stage, good-prognosis cancer patients. The therapy model includes psychotherapeutic and educational components, many of which can also be used at any point throughout the disease process as well as in the early stages. Previously unresolved conflicts become amenable to psychotherapy in many patients confronting a life-threatening illness. In patients whose cancer recurs, the model is intended to offer them and their families a means of coping with the disease.

The following sections are included:

• OBJECTIVES

• DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA

• A NEUROPSYCHIATRIC APPROACH IN EXAMINING CANCER PATIENTS

• ORGANIC MENTAL DISORDERS IN ONCOLOGY
  • A. Delirium
  • B. Dementia
  • C. Organic Personality Syndrome (OPS)
  • D. Organic Affective Syndromes (OAS)
  • E. Other Organic Disorders

• DEPRESSION AND CANCER

• ANXIElY DISORDERS

• PAIN

• NEUROTOXICITIES

• NAUSEA AND VOMITING

• QUALITY OF LIFE

• SUMMARY

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• PHARMACOKINETIC PROPERTIES

• CONSIDERATIONS IN THE ELDERLY

• CONSIDERATIONS IN THE MEDICALLY ILL

• CONSIDERATIONS IN PREGNANCY

• BENZODIAZEPINE-DRUG INTERACTIONS

• GUIDELINES FOR TREATMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDERS

• INTRODUCTION

• CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN INITIATING AND MAINTAINING TREATMENT

• GUIDELINES FOR WITHDRAWAL OF A BENZODIAZEPINE

• ALCOHOL DETOXIFICATION

• TREATMENT OF INSOMNIA

• BENZODIAZEPINES AS ANTIDEPRESSANTS

• BENZODIAZEPINES IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHOSES, MANIA, AND AGITATED STATES

• BENZODIAZEPINES IN PSYCHOSES

• BENZODIAZEPINES IN MANIA

• BENZODIAZEPINES IN DELIRIOUS STATES

• BENZODIAZEPINES IN ACUTELY AGITATED STATES

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• TYPES OF TRANSPLANT

• THE ROLE OF THE PSYCHOSOCIAL TEAM

• STAGES OF TRANSPLANTATION

• STAGE I . TRANSPLANT PROPOSAL

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE TRANSPLANT PROPOSAL STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE TRANSPLANT PROPOSAL STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE TRANSPLANT PROPOSAL STAGE

• STAGE II. EVALUATION

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE EVALUATION STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE EVALUATION STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE EVALUATION STAGE

• STAGE III. WAITING FOR DONOR ORGAN

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE WAITING STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE WAITING STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE WAITING STAGE

• STAGE IV. PERIOPERATIVE STAGE

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE PERIOPERATIVE STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE PERIOPERATIVE STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE PERIOPERATIVE STAGE

• STAGE V. RECOVERY

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE RECOVERY STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE RECOVERY STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE RECOVERY STAGE

• STAGE VI. POST DISCHARGE

• MEDICAL FACTORS IN THE POST DISCHARGE STAGE

• PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS IN THE POST DISCHARGE STAGE

• INTERVENTION ISSUES IN THE POST DISCHARGE STAGE

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• CLINICAL EXAMINATION

• DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF HEADACHES

• ΓESTS TO BE DONE IN THE STUDY OF HEADACHE (Modified from 5, 6, 7)

• MECHANISM OF HEADACHE

• CLASSIFICATION OF HEADACHES

• HEAD TRAUMA AND HEADACHE

• MUSCLE CONTRACTION HEADACHE

• TREATMENT OF THE CONTRACTION HEADACHE

• PSYCHOGENIC HEADACHE

• VASCULAR HEADACHES

• MIGRAINE EQUIVALENT

• PARAMENSTRUAL MIGRAINE

• CHRONIC PAROXYSMAL HEMICRANIA

• BASILAR MIGRAINE

• CYCLICAL MIGRAINE

• OPTHALMOPLEGIC MIGRAINE

• HEMIPLEGIC MIGRAINE

• TREATMENT OF MIGRAINE

• PROPHYLAXIS OF MIGRAINE

• HYPERTENSION AND HEADACHES

• PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA

• CLUSTER HEADACHES

• PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT OF CLUSTER HEADACHES

• TEMPORAL ARTERITIS

• NEURALGIAS AND OTHER ASSOCIATED PAIN DISORDERS

• TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA

• PARATRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA (Raeder’s neuralgia)

• GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NEURALGIA

• SUPERIOR LARYNGEAL NEURALGIA

• GREATER OCCIPITAL NEURALGIA

• OCULAR ORIGIN OF HEADACHES

• ENT CAUSES OF HEADACHE

• SPHENOPALATINE NEURALGIA (Sluder’s Neuralgia)

• HEADACHE OF ORAL ORIGIN

• TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION

• BRAIN TUMORS AND HEADACHE

• PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI

• SLEEP APNEA HEADACHES

• ATYPICAL FACIAL PAIN AND HEADACHE

• HEADACHES AND CONVULSIVE DISORDER

• EXERTIONAL AND COITAL CEPHALALGIA

• SYMPATHETIC NEUROVASCULAR REFLEX DYSFUNCTION

• MENINGEAL IRRITATION AND HEADACHES

• MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

• POST LUMBAR PUNCTURE HEADACHE

• UNCOMMON CAUSES OF HEADACHES

• THERMOGRAPHY AND HEADACHE

• MEDICATION OVERUSE

• BIOFEEDBACK, TENS AND PHYSICAL THERAPY

• CONCLUSION

• BIBLIOGRAPHY

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• FACTORS INFLUENCING SYMPTOM PRESENTATION

• CASE VIGNETTE

• SLEEP

• SEXUALITY

• GASTROINTESTINAL COMPLAINTS

• AMBIGUOUS PRESENTATIONS OF PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS

• OTHER ATYPICAL DEPRESSIONS

• HYPOCHONDRIASIS

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• ENCOPRESIS

• DEFINITION

• ETIOLOGY: ORGANIC

• ETIOLOGY-PSYCHOGENIC

• PSYCHOANALYTIC

• ETIOLOGY: BEHAVIORAL

• TREATMENT

• ORGANIC

• PEDIATRIC

• PSYCHOANALYTIC

• BEHAVIORAL

• DISCUSSION

• CONCLUSIONS

The following sections are included:

• INTRODUCTION

• CONTROLS

• RANDOMIZATION

• TYPE I AND TYPE II ERRORS

• SAMPLE SIZE

• MEASUREMENT

• CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

• CROSSOVER DESIGN

• PARALLEL DESIGN

• CONCLUSION

• REFERENCES

The following sections are included:

• LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

• INDEX